Foundations of Democracy
Interactions Between Branches
Civil Liberties and Civil Rights
Political Ideologies & Beliefs
Political Participation
SCOTUS required cases
Foundational Documents
100
What enlightenment ideal most influenced the the Declaration of Independence?
Natural Rights (Life, liberty, Pursuit of Happiness)
100
What power allows courts to declare laws/ executive actions unconstitutional?
Judicial Review
100
What is selective incorporation
Applying the Bill of Rights to the states / case by case basis/ 14th amendment's application of due process
100
What is political socialization?
The way people get their beliefs
100
What did the 26th amendment do to help increase the number of eligible voters?
Lowered the voting age from 21 to 18
100
This case used the supremacy clause & the necessary & proper clause to justify its actions
McCulloch v Maryland
100
What document created the first US Government
Articles of Confederation
200
What is the term meaning "rule by the people" ?
Popular Sovereignty
200
give an example of checks and balances between two of the three branches
...
200
What is prior restraint?
government preventing publication of media before it occurs
200
Democrat Teens
200
What are structural barriers
life factors that prevent people from voting (time, work, childcare, transportation, ID requirements)
200
What clause did Engel v Vitale use to strike down the requirement of children to recite a daily prayer in school?
Establishment
200
Which foundational document would best support the need for states' rights and smaller central government?
Brutus No.1
300
NAME THE 3 TYPES OF DEMOCRACY
REPRESENTATIVE, PLURALIST, ELITIST, DIRECT, PARTICIPATORY
300
What reason was given to justify lifetime appointments for Supreme Court Justices
maintain impartiality/ not be biased/ pressured politically
300
What does the equal protection clause mean
all people must be treated equally under the law and equally protected from the law (government can't discriminate against people)
300
How does libertarianism blend conservative and liberal ideologies?
socially liberal, economically conservative
(limited government from both sides)
300
What is an incumbency advantage?
higher chance of winning because you're already in office
300
The Brandenburg Test replaced "this test" in determining when the limits to free speech could be applied
"clear and present danger" test
300
What processes does Federalist 51 justify?
Checks & Balances AND separation of powers
400
What is federalism
Sharing power between the national and state governments
400
What is the difference between delegate and trustee models of representation
follow the will of the constituents unconditionally vs follow own beliefs even if it conflicts with constituents
400
What are the 5 first amendment freedoms
religion, speech, press, assembly (protest), petition
400
entitlements, also knowns as __________ ___________ are for programs that congress must fund by law, like social security and medicare
Mandatory Spending
400
What is the relationship (or difference) between redistricting and gerrymandering?
Gerrymandering is the drawing lines of districts to favor a political party, and the changing of those lines is the redistricting process
400
The 6th amendment was selectively incorporated to the states by which case?
Gideon v Wainwright
400
Why was a "single unitary executive" necessary according to Federalist No. 70
to be decisive, accountable, and energetic
500
How did the Great Compromise balance the debate over representation between big and small states? (Virginia & New Jersey Plans)
by creating a bicameral legislature/ 2 houses in congress/ population based house v equal representation in the senate
500
What are the three parts of the iron triangle
bureaucracy, interest groups, congress (committees)
500
Explain to the best of your ability what the difference is between a civil liberty and a civil right
... civil liberties= your freedoms from the government
civil rights...= your freedom from oppression
500
Explain what is a sampling bias
when the method doesn't accurately reflect the population that it represents (calling landlines only, not cellphones)
500
Explain how the electoral college unfairly favors some states over others
because the # of electorates is based on the total # of representatives, so states with 3 electoral votes are overrepresented in their political power whereas largest population states are underrepresented
500
What did the ruling in Citizens United v FEC guarantee
political spending as protected speech for corporations
500
What does MLK argue in his "Letter from Birmingham Jail"
tension is necessary for change, unjust rules are meant to be broken, through civil disobedience change can be achieved