Separation of Powers
Define separation of powers.
What is each of the three branches has its own power and independence?
Define checks and balances.
What is each has some power over the others, but retains independence?
Describe what Marbury v. Madison established.
What is a Judicial Review?
The first 10 amendments
What is the bill of rights?
Separation between powers of the Federal, State, and Local Governments
What is federalism?
Why does the federal government have power over currency?
So that currency is the same in the country.
Why are checks and balances important in government?
They are important because they prevent one branch becoming stronger than the rest.
Describe Baker v. Carr.
What federal courts can intervene in redistricting to enforce equal protection- "one man one vote"?
The first amendment. And what does it protect?
What is freedom of speech, assembly, petition, religion, and press. It protects the rights of the people.
System of government in which the central government is very weak, and most of the true power lies in individual states
What is confederacy?
Why do the states have power over schools.
So that the federal government doesn't have a biased learning system.
What are two powers that the executive branch has to check on the other two branches?
The executive branch has the power to veto legislation, and the power to nominate judges to the supreme court.
Describe what happened in Brown v. Board of Ed.
What is overturned Plessy, rules segregation is unconstitutional?
Right to a speedy, public, and impartial trail with lawyers. What rights does the establish?
What is the 6th Amendment, and individual rights?
System of government in which the central government is extremely powerful, and individual states have few powers.
What is unitary system?
Three examples of federal powers.
What is regulate interstate commerce, coin/print money, provide army, declare war, establish federal courts, set foreign policy, and make all laws "necessary and proper".
What are two powers that the judiciary branch has to check the other two branches?
The judiciary branch has the power to declare laws unconstitutional, and declare presidential acts unconstitutional.
Describe what happened in United States v. Lopez.
What is overstepping commerce clause, power devolves from the federal to state?
No excessive bails or fines, no cruel and unusual policies, and what rights does this establish?
What is the 8th Amendment, and citizens rights?
Belief that the state and national government are supreme within their own sphere of influence, commonly referred to as "Layer Cake"
What is Dual Federalism?
An example of a concurrent power.
What is levy taxes, spend money for the general welfare, and enact and enforce laws?
What are two powers that the legislative branch has to check the other two branches?
Legislative branch has the power to impeach presidents, and impeach judges.
Describe what Shaw v. Reno established.
What is legislative districts must provide equal protection- no racially drawn district lines or Gerrymandering?
Powers not given to the federal government or denied of the states are reserved to the states. What rights does this establish?
What is the 10th Amendment, and states rights?
Process of returning power to the states, this began during New Federalism under presidents Nixon, Reagan, and Bush
What is Devolution?