Civil Liberties
Criminal abortion laws violate the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment, which protects the implied right to privacy in the 9th Amendment
What is Roe v. Wade?
In this SCOTUS case, race-based school segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment
What is Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas?
Protection against cruel and unusual punishment
What is the 8th Amendment?
The states that have the first caucus and primary
What is Iowa and New Hampshire?
Essay that argues that liberty is safest in a large republic due to the existence of many factions
What is Federalist 10?
Established a “heavy presumption against prior restraint” even in cases involving national security
What is New York Times v. U.S.?
Banned laws that stopped African Americans from voting
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
This Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
What is the 4th Amendment?
Political spending by corporations, associations, and labor unions is a form of protected speech under the 1st Amendment
What is Citizens United v. FEC?
Argues that separation of powers within the national government is the best way to prevent concentration of power in the hands of one person or single group
What is Federalist 51?
Public school students may wear armbands to class in protest of the Vietnam War since such displays do not disrupt classes
What is Tinker v. Des Moines?
Colleges could use race in determining if they are going to accept a student or not
What is affirmative action?
Explanation of what a prisoner is being charged with and why they’re not being released
What is writ of habeas corpus?
Institution that keeps political parties running between elections
What are National Committees?
The federal judiciary must depend on the other two branches to uphold its decisions
What is Federalist 78?
Compelling Amish students to attend school past 8th grade violates the Free Exercise Clause of the 1st Amendment
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
The separation of individuals based on their characteristics, such as race, by law.
What is de jure segregation?
This Amendment protects you from self-incrimination
What is the 5th Amendment?
Formal nomination of Presidential and Vice Presidential candidates
What is the National Convention?
Supports the idea of the presidency as a branch united in one individual that can execute the law quickly while remaining constrained by their sole responsibility for action to the people through elections
What is Federalist 70?
The 2nd Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states
What is McDonald v. Chicago?
Levels of scrutiny developed by SCOTUS to determine equality classifications under the Equal Protection Clause
What are standards of review?
This case extended defendants the right of counsel in all state and federal criminal trials, regardless of their ability to pay
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
The moving of primaries by states to an earlier date in the calendar year to have more importance than later primaries
What is frontloading?
Founding Fathers who penned the Federalist Papers
Who are James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay?