Landmark Court Cases
Court case in 1803 that established the principle of judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
The 5th and 14th Amendments to the Constitution state that “no person may be deprived of life, liberty, or property without _________.”
What is due process of the law?
Disputes over contracts, property, and the custody of children are dealt with in this type of court.
What is civil?
There are 94 of these types of courts.
What is District Courts?
If a justice disagrees with the majority opinion, they may release this to express their opinion.
What is Dissenting opinion?
Court case in 1819 that enforced the supremacy clause after it was deemed necessary and proper to create a federal bank.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
What is a provision of the due process clause?
What are right to an attorney; right to a trial by jury of your peers; right to a speedy trial...
In this type of case, the prosecution needs to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt
What is criminal?
Federal courts that hear appeals from district courts and have no trials.
What is Circuit Court of Appeals?
Number of supreme court justices
What is 9?
Court case in 1973 that held that the Constitution protected a woman's right to an abortion prior to the viability of the fetus.
What is Roe v. Wade?
The principle “equal justice under the law” is based on this amendment.
What is the 14th Amendment?
In most states and at the federal level, a criminal suspect is arrested and must be indicted by the _______ for a case to go to trial.
What is grand jury?
Supreme, Appellate, & District courts are examples of ______.
What is Constitutional Courts?
When a plaintiff in a lower case petitions the Supreme Court to hear their case.
What is Writ of certiorari?
Court case in which for the first time in legislative history, the 2nd Amendment protects an individuals right to bear arms for self-defense.
What is District of Columbia v Heller?
The US employs the ______ system, by which 2 sides debate the burden of guilt or liability in a situation, while the judge remains passive and neutral during the proceedings.
What is adversarial?
After a suspect has been indicted, approximately 95% of all criminal cases end in _____.
What is plea bargaining?
Courts created by Congress for specialized purposes whose judges do not enjoy the protection of Article 3.
What is Legislative Courts?
Number of justices that have to sign off on the writ of cert in order to put the case on the docket.
What is 4 out of 9?
Court case in 1824 that implied that anything concerning interstate trade could potentially be regulated by the federal government.
What is Gibbons v. Ogden?
The quote “Better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer” from William Blackstone’s Commentaries on the Laws of England exemplifies the fundamental legal principle of ______.
What is presumption of innocence?
In civil law, plaintiffs need show only that a ________ favors their side of the case to win.
What is preponderance of evidence?
Rule that a citizen cannot sue the government without the government’s consent.
What is (Sovereign) Immunity?
In these types of cases the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction
What is suits between the states and cases involving foreign ministers?