Fundamental Principles of Democracy
The first ever attempt to limit the power of the British King, guaranteed all people certain rights
What is the Magna Carta?
Farmer's rebellion in Massachusetts 1786-1787 protesting mortgage foreclosures and terrible economy.
What is Shays Rebellion?
Which article of the Constitution created the Supreme Court?
What is Article III?
What are the 3 branches and their functions?
What is the legislative (passes laws), executive (executes laws), judicial (interprets laws)
Executive, legislative, and judicial
What are the 3 branches of government?
Citizens meet and vote directly on government decisions
What is direct democracy?
Under the Articles of Confederation, how many states were required to vote in favor of a law for it to be passed?
What is 9/13?
Each of the 3 branches has its own power and independence
What is separation of powers?
Met in Philly in 1787 to write a new Constitution
What is the Constitutional Convention?
Belief that the ultimate authority rests with the people
What is popular sovereignty?
What was one major limitation of the central government under the Articles of Confederation regarding its ability to directly tax citizens?
No federal power to tax citizens directly
Set dogma of judicial review, where the Supreme Court may rule an act of the President or Congress unconstitutional
First 10 amendments to the Constitution that guarantees individual and states' rights.
What is the Bill of Rights?
Counted slaves as 3/5 of a person to give the south more representatives
What is the 3/5 Compromise?
The principle that people enter into a social contract with the government and allow to be ruled
What is Social Contract Theory?
Despite its weaknesses, what were some of the powers granted to the federal government under the Articles of Confederation?
Raising an army, print money, declare war, and run the post office
Federal law is superior to state law. This clause, known as the _____ clause came out of the ____ court case, in which there was debate as to whether or not the Bank of the U.S. had to pay Maryland state taxes. The Supreme Court ruled that because the Bank of the US was national it did not have to follow Maryland state law.
What is the Supremacy clause? What is McCulloch vs. Maryland?
Regulate interstate commerce, coin/print money, provide army, declare war, establish federal courts, set foreign policy
What are the federal powers (expressed, implied, inherent)
Written by Madison, discusses importance of factions, factions are inevitable, but factions are best handled by a large republic
What is Federalist 10?
Principle that there are no supreme rulers, all rulers depend on the approval of the people, when governments fail to protect rights the people have the right to change the government.
What is consent of the governed?
Under the Articles of Confederation, what was a consequence of the weak central government in terms of state action?
What is states being able to tax, print money, and make foreign treaties with little central government supervision?
Name all of the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th, and 10th amendments.
What is..
Amendment 1-freedom of speech, assembly, petition, religion, press
2- right to bear arms
4- no unreasonable searches and seizures
5- right to a trial, no double jeopardy, individuals are not required to testify against themselves
6- right to a speedy, public, and impartial trial with lawyer
8- no excessive bails or fines, no cruel and unusual policies
10- powers not given to the federal government or denied of the states are reserved to the states
What are the first 5 articles of the Constitution and what do they mention?
Article 1- legislative branch
article 2- executive branch
article 3- judicial branch
article 4- interstate relations
article 5- amendment process
Articles written by Madison, Hamilton, and Jay arguing for the constitution