Supreme court cases
marbury v. madison
established judicial review, empowered court to nullify congress/executive acts that violate constitution.
context- marbury wanted his commission and court said he should have it but couldn't actually do anything but say what should happen
schenk v. U.S
violating "clear and present danger" is not free speech
context- shenk handed out fliers telling men not to join the draft
17 and 22
17- direct election of senators
22- term limits for presidents
4th
unreasonable search and siezure
1st/2nd amendment
Press, petition, assembly, speech, religion and right to bear arms
New York times v. United States
No restraint on the press
context- nixon tried to halt publication of classified documents but failed because them being published did not create a "clear and present danger" situation
united states v. lopez
congress exceeded its authority to regulate interstate commerce when it banned guns in school zones
context- alfonso brought a gun to school and was charged federally
16 and 24
16- income tax
24- eliminated poll taxes
5th
right to due process, protects against double jeopardy and self-incrimination, requires compensation for taking property
3rd
prohibits forced quartering of soldiers
Tinker V. Des Moines
public school students still have the right to free speech
Context- tinker students wore black armbands in protest
Mcdonald V. Chicago
right to bear arms also is included in state governments
context - chicago tried to tell mcdonald he could not have a gun
25
presidential succession and disability
8th
no cruel or unusual punishment
6th
fair and speedy trial
Brown V. Board of education
racially segregated schools violates 14th amendment
Shaw V. Reno and Baker V. Carr
Baker V. Carr- no gerrymandering, all votes should be equal
Shaw V. Reno- no racial gerrymandering
Wisconsin V. Yoder
7th
right to a jury
9th and 10th
9- rights not specified by the constitution are still retained by the people
10- powers not delegated to central govt belong to states and/or people
McCulloch V. Maryland
Federal government can establish national bank and states cannot tax the bank, supremacy clause and necessary and proper
Context- maryland didn't want a bank and tried to tax the federal bank
Gideon V. Wainwright
Right to an attorney
Engel V. Vitale
no holding prayers in schools
context- school holding public prayer
15 and 19
15- right for black men to vote
19- right for women to vote
14th
Equal protection clause, guaranteed due process, citizenship of all people born or naturalized in U.S