Constitutional Supremacy
Article 2 of the Constitution listed the powers of what branch of government
What is the Executive branch?
A term meaning powers not specifically listed in the constitution, but needed to carry out the duties of government
What is Implied powers? (or necessary and proper)
A type of federalism which states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres
What is Dual (or Layer Cake) Federalism?
Grants that can be used only for specific purposes of state and local spending.
What are Categorical Grants?
All states are equal in this individual section of the legislative branch
What is the Senate?
The clause which makes the Constitution, laws of the national government (when consistent with the Constitution) be more powerful than the state's conflicting law.
What is the Supremacy Clause?
The "necessary and proper" clause is sometimes called the -----clause
What is the Elastic Clause?
This kind of federalism involves the pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system
What is Fiscal Federalism?
Grants to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services.
What are Block Grants?
Article IV, section 1 of the Constitution forces the states to give this to the public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings of every other states.
What is full faith and credit?
Powers specifically listed in the Constitution for Congress are called this.
What are enumerated powers?
The state that is #2 in the nation (2014) for giving more to the national gov't in taxes than it receives in aid.
What is MN?
Co-operative (Marble Cake) Federalism, in which the national and state governments share responsibility for public policies, became the majority system for America during this time period?
What is the 1930's/The Great Depression/The New Deal?
This is a broad power of the Congress, used to explain many laws Congress has enacted in the last 90 years.
What is the commerce clause?
This is when states are required to return a person charged with a crime in another state for trial or imprisonment
What is extradition?
Advocates of state rights often refer to this section of the Constitution, claiming that it means only those powers specifically assigned by the Constitution are usable by the national government.
What is the Tenth Amendment?
When an government at a local or state level experiments with a new policy and the rest of the country can learn from how it goes. This phrase describes this.
What is laboratories of democracy?
This shift in policy, popular with Republicans since the Reagan administration, has sought to return some powers taken by the federal government back to the states.
What is Devolution?
In recent years states have been burdened by these types of mandates that require states to spend money to comply with a law of Congress (or, in some cases, a federal court order).
What are underfunded mandates/unfunded mandates?
A clause in Article IV of the Constitution according citizens of each state most of the privileges of citizens of other states.
What is the privileges and immunities clause?
The Federalist paper in which Madison discusses how there will be a separation of powers between branches and state and national gov't.
What is Federalist #51?
In this supreme court case Chief Justice John Marshall wrote that "...the government of the United States, though limited in its power, is supreme within its sphere of action."
What is What is McCulloch v Maryland?
This program, created in the early 2000's, increased federal control of schools via a cooperative fiscal system and a series of mandates.
What is No Child Left Behind?
The school lunch subsidy program is this type of grant.
What is a formula grant? (which is a type of categorical grant)
The court case in which the Supreme Court put a limit on the commerce clause being used for a Gun-Free School Zones Act.
Who US v Lopez?
First time in over 50 years SC limited Congress using the commerce clause - law was amended to refer to guns that had been part of interstate trade, so it was passed again and not challenged.