Chapter 3a
Chapter 3b
Chapter 3c
Chapter 3d
100
the Supreme Court upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank using the Constitution’s supremacy clause. The Court’s broad interpretation of the necessary and proper clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers
What is McCulloch v. Maryland
100
the Supreme Court upheld broad congressional power to regulate interstate commerce. The Court’s broad interpretation of the Constitution’s commerce clause paved the way for later rulings upholding expansive federal powers
What is Gibbons v. Ogden
100
authority possessed by both the state and national governments that may be exercised concurrently as long as that power is not exclusively within the scope of national power or in conflict with national law
What is concurrent powers
100
contracts between states that carry the force of law; generally not used as a toll to address multistate policy concerns
What is interstate compacts
200
the right of a state to be free from lawsuit unless it gives permission to the suit. Under the 11th Amendment, all states are considered sovereign
What is sovereign immunity
200
powers reserved to the states by the 10th Amendment that lie at the foundation of a state’s right to legislate for the public health and welfare of its citizens
What is reserve powers or police powers
200
law passed after the fact, thereby making previously legal activity illegal and subject to current penalty; prohibited by the U.S. Constitution
What is ex post facto laws
200
the relationship between the national and state governments that began with the New Deal
What is cooperative federalism
300
the right of a state to be free from lawsuit unless it gives permission to the suit. Under the 11th Amendment, all states are considered sovereign
What is sovereign immunity
300
made senators directly elected by the people, removed their selection from state legislators
What is the 17th Amendment
300
grant for which Congress appropriates funds for a specific purpose
What is a categorical grant
300
section of Article IV of the Constitution that ensures judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in any other state
What is full faith and credit clause
400
national laws that direct states or local governments to comply with federal rules or regulations (such as clean air or water standards) but contain little or no federal funding to defray the cost of meeting these requirements
What is unfunded mandates
400
a concept derived from the Constitution’s supremacy clause that allows the national government to override or preempt state or local actions in certain areas
What is preemeption
400
federal/state relationship proposed by Reagan administration during the 1980s; hallmark is returning administrative powers to the state governments
What is new federalism
400
the belief that having separate and equally powerful levels of government is the best arrangement
What is dual federalism
500
a system of government where the local and regional governments derive all authority from a strong national government
What is a unitary system
500
part of Article IV that requires states to return criminals to states where they have been convicted or are to stand trial
What is extradition clause
500
a law declaring an act illegal without a judicial trial
What is bills of attainder
500
part of Article IV of the Constitution guaranteeing that the citizens of each state are afforded the same rights as citizens of all other states
What is the privileges and immunities clause
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