The Supreme Court
This case gave the Supreme Court its power of judicial review
What is Marbury v. Madison?
This document lays out the case for why "minority factions" must be protected within the US
What is Federalist 10?
This amendment protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures
What is the 4th Amendment?
This person is the highest ranking member of the House of Representatives
Who is the Speaker of the House?
This Congressional Act called for the end of literacy tests and other impediments to voting
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
In Tinker v. Des Moines, the Court ruled that student speech rights can only be limited when...(2 responses required)
1. What is when the speech disrupts the educational process?
2. What is when the speech infringes upon the rights of others?
This document lays out the case for a separation of powers between the three branches
What is Federalist #51?
This amendment includes the equal protection and due process clauses
What is the 14th Amendment?
This term is used to define the process of redrawing congressional district lines to benefit one political party over the other
What is gerrymandering?
This theory of government power/democracy believes that because there are so many competing interests within government, no one group/person holds an excessive amount of power
What is the pluralist theory?
This case stated that unions, corporations, and other outside groups may spend their "general treasury funds" to create issue ads
What is Citizens United v. FEC?
What are...
-9 of 13 states had to approve the passage of laws
-No/Limited Chief Executive
-No National Courts
-No amendments passed unless all 13 states approve
-Congress lacked the power to tax
-Congress could not control trade between the states
-No national currency
-Government could not pay its debts
This amendment ensures that separate electoral ballots are cast for the President and Vice-President
What is the 12th Amendment?
This piece of legislation was passed in the aftermath of Vietnam in order to limit the president's commander in chief powers
What is the War Powers Act/Resolution?
This term is used to define the general beliefs that most Americans have in regard to the role of government
What is political culture?
These two constitutional clauses were used to uphold the creation of a national bank in McCulloch v. Maryland
What are the supremacy and necessary and proper (elastic) clauses?
This document lays out the various positions of the Anti-Federalists
What is Brutus #1?
This amendment lowered the legal voting age to 18
What is the 26th Amendment?
Although not a formal power, this presidential power allows the president to make an agreement with a foreign country without the Senate's approval
What is an executive agreement?
This type of primary allows only members of a certain political party to participate in that party's primary election
What is a closed primary?
The Court ruled in this case that public schools cannot sponsor religious activities due to the establishment clause
What is Engle v. Vitale?
This document lays out the case for a powerful, singular executive
What is Federalist #70?
This amendment eliminated poll taxes
What is the 24th Amendment?
This power allows the Supreme Court to ask a lower court for the immediate review of a case, thus bypassing the traditional appeals process
What is a writ of certiorari?
This concept refers to when citizens benefit from the work of an interest group but are not members of that group
What is the free-rider problem?