General AP Gov Knowledge
The process by which people develop political beliefs and values through family, school friends, the media, and life experiences.
What is political socialization?
A voter uses this type of voting when deciding whether to reelect a government official based on the their accomplishments during their previous term
What is retrospective voting?
This amendment banned poll taxes in federal elections
What is the 24th Amendment?
During this stage of an election, voters choose their political party's candidate for the general election
What is a primary election?
This stage of an election takes place after parties select their nominees and involves candidates competing for public office
What is the general election?
The idea that says the government's power comes from the people
What is popular sovereignty?
This type of voting involves a voter choosing a candidate because they support the candidate's promises for future policies
Passed in 1965, this law prohibited racial discrimination in voting and targeted practices such as literacy tests
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
Unlike a primary, this domination process involves party members gathering in person to discuss and vote forn candidates
What is a caucus?
Candidates spend signifigant time campanging in these states because either major political party has a realistic chance of winning them
What are swing states?
The political idealogy that focuses on individual freedon, personal choice, and very limited government
What is libertarianism?
This theory suggests that voters choose the candidate they believe will give them the greatest person benefit
What is rational-choice theory?
These three amendments protected voting rights regardless of race, sec, and age for citizens 18 and older
What are the 15th, 19th, and 26th Amendments?
What are open and closed primaries?
This official document outlines a political party's beliefs, goals, and policy positions
What is a party platform?
One effect comes from changes as people age, while the other comes from major events experienced by an entire generation
What are life-cycle and generational effects?
When voters become tired of requent elections and political campaigns, this may happen, causing participation to decrease
What is voter fatigue?
Voter ID laws, registration requirements, limited polling locations, and restrictions on mail voting are all examples of these
What are institutional barriers to voting?
Under this delagate system, a andiate recieves delagates based on their percentages of the vote rather than recieving all delegates
What is proportional representation?
One type of campaign advertisement promotes a candidate, another attacks an opponent, and the third compares the two candidates
What are positive, negative, and contrast ads?
The Enlightenment philosopher who argued people have natural rights and can replace a government that failures to protect those rights
Who is John Locke?
Race, gender, education, income, and geography can all infleucne this aspect of an election
What is voting behavior?
Work schedules, transportation, childcare, disabiliies, and house instability can make voting difficult, they are all examples of this type of barrier
What are socioeconomic and logistical barriers?
This group of individuals officially casts votes for president, with 538 total votes available and 270 needed to win
What is the Electoral College?
Campaigns use these professionals to develop strategies, manage advertising, and help candidates connect with voters
Who are campaign consultants