Constitution
This is a term for a requirement set by the national government for which states must comply; sometimes such a requirement is accompanied by funding and sometimes it is unfunded.
What is a mandate?
Regents of the U. of California v. Bakke (1978), dealt with this controversial policy, in which minorities are offered preferential treatment in order to promote diversity and level the playing field from historical disadvantages.
What is affirmative action?
Currently, most party nominations for offices throughout the United States are decided with this method.
What is a primary election?
This state contributed a compromise plan for a bicameral legislature at the Constitutional Convention.
What is the Connecticut?
This form/style of federalism views the national and state governments as collaborating to solve common problems. It is sometimes compared to marble cake.
What is cooperative federalism?
This interest group has been instrumental in many of the civil rights advances achieved by African Americans and other minority groups. Their attorneys led the legal team in the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) case.
What is the NAACP?
This is a poll conducted on Election Day among people who have voted.
What is an exit poll?
Based on opinion polling, this is the most common party ID claimed among Americans today.
What is 'Independent'?
Type of federal grant comes with very restrictive requirements.
What is a categorical grant?
A period when a significant shift occurs in the coalitions of a national political party.
What is a realignment (or critical period)?
This article of the Constitution established important rules for the ways in which states would interact each other.
What is Article IV(4)?
This landmark case held a nationwide ban on guns in a school zones violated Congress' authority under the commerce clause.
What is U.S. v. Lopez (1995)?
This landmark SCOTUS case 'incorporated' defendants' rights to be represented by an attorney in all criminal cases, including at the state level.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)?
Under the Constitution, this level of government is responsible for conducting elections.
What is the state level?
This was the earliest true national political party; members included Alexander Hamilton and John Adams.
What is the Federalist Party?
In The Federalist 10, Madison argued that this form of government is the best safeguard against the dangers posed by factions.
What is a republic?
This landmark case strengthened the federal government by supporting both implied powers and the supremacy clause.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
This federal law, passed in the 1960s, was designed to fully protect African Americans' 15th Amendment rights.
What is the Voting Rights Act (1965)
This is the preeminent authority/body in a major American political party.
What is the national convention?