Foundational Documents
The 14 Court Cases
The 3 Branches of Government
Civil Liberties and Rights
Political Participation
100
This document says “all men are created equal” and this was made in 1776
What is the Declaration of Independence?
100
This case ruled that ”separate but equal” in schools is illegal
What is Brown V. Board of Education?
100
If the president doesn't like a bill, they can do this to kill it
What is a Veto?
100
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution
What is the Bill of Rights?
100
You must be 18 to do this in the US
What is a Vote?
200
This is the first US government and couldn’t tax the states
What is the Articles of Confederation?
200
This case gave the Supreme Court the power of Judicial Review
What is Marbury V Madison?
200
The power of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional
What is Judicial Review?
200
This clause says the government cannot stop you from practicing your religion
What is the Free Exercise Clause?
200
These two groups dominate American Politics
What are Political Parties?
300
This essay says that a large republic is the best way to control factions
What is Federalist 10?
300
This case said that students have free speech at school unless it has a “present and clear danger”
What is Tinker v. Des Moines
300
This part of Congress has the “power of the purse”
What is the House of Representatives?
300
This rule says the police cannot use evidence in court if they found it illegally
What is the Exclusionary Rule?
300
This group actually elects the President
What is Electoral College?
400
This system defends the separation of powers and the checks and balances
What is Federalist 51?
400
This case confirmed that the federal bank is supreme over the states
What is McCulloch v Maryland?
400
This Senate move allows a Senator to talk about a bill “till death”
What is a Filibuster
400
This is the process of applying the Bill of Rights to the states using the 14th Amendment.
What is Selective Incorporation?
400
This is a group that raises money specifically to help elect a candidate.
What is A PAC?
500
A Anti-Federalist wrote this to ratify the U.S Constitution
What is Brutus 1?
500
This case ruled that state must provide an attorney for defendants who cant afford one
What is Gideon v Wainwright?
500
This happens when a President signs a bill but adds a note saying they won't enforce certain parts
What is a Signing Statement?
500
This 14th Amendment clause is the main tool used to fight discrimination.
What is the Equal Protection Clause?
500
This type of poll is taken as people are literally walking out of the voting booth.
What is a Exit Poll?
600
This document argues that “Justice too long delayed is justice denied”
What is the Letter from Birmingham Jail?
600
This case ruled that mandatory prayer in public schools violates the Establishment clause
What is Engel v Vitale?
600
This term describes the relationship between an Interest Group, a Congressional Committee, and a Bureaucratic Agency.
What is a Iron Triange?
600
This law banned discrimination in all public places
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
600
This court case ruled that corporate spending on political ads is protected "free speech."
What is Citizens United v FEC?
700
This essay argues for a single, powerful president rather than a committee
What is Federalist 70?
700
This case established the “one person, one vote” rule for redistricting
What is Baker v Carr
700
This House committee sets the rules for how long a bill can be debated
What is the House Rules Committee?
700
This legal test is used to see if the government is violating the "Establishment Clause."
What is the Lemon Test?
700
This is when the media focuses on who is winning the race and not the actual issues
What is a Horse Race Journalism?
800
This paper argues that the Judicial Branch is not dangerous because it has ”neither force nor will”
What is Federalist 78?
800
This case limited Congress’s power by saying the commerce clause doesn’t let them ban guns near schools
What is US v Lopez?
800
This is the legal principle that Judges should “let the decision stand”
What is Stare Decisis?
800
This kind of speech is NOT protected. It’s when you say something false to ruin a person’s career
What is Libel/Slander?
800
This term describes when people only vote for candidates of one party for every office on the ballot
What is Straight-ticket voting?