Court Cases Review 1
Maryland was trying to tax the national bank and Supreme Court ruled that federal law was stronger than the state law (result/significance: Congress has IMPLIED powers to create a necessary and proper bank)
What is McCulloch v. Maryland
Guaranteed a student's FIRST AMENDMENT right to protest (wearing armbands).
What is Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
The right of an individual to "keep and bear arms" protected by the 2nd Amendment is incorporated by the due process clause of the 14th Amendment and applies to the states.
What is McDonald v. Chicago
What are executive powers and which article are their powers discussed in?
What is Article 2
-Propose Laws
-Grant pardons
-Veto Bills
Call special sessions of congress
Line item veto governors only
A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly (apelacja)
What is appeal
Congress may NOT use the commerce clause to make possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime
What is United States v. Lopez (1995)
Supreme Court case protecting the FREEDOM OF THE PRESS by allowing the New York Times to publish the "Pentagon Papers" despite the Justice Department's order to restrict it
What is New York Times v. US
1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated.
What is Brown v. Board of Education
Which powers are delegated to the judicial branch and which article discusses these?
What is article 3
-Appointed for life
judicial review
Persons selected according to law and sworn to inquire into and declare a verdict on matters of fact
What is jury
Struck down state-sponsored prayer in public schools. Ruled that the Regents' prayer was an unconstitutional violation of the ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE
What is Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Oliver Wendell Holmes; clear and present danger test; shouting "fire" in a crowded theater; limits on speech, esp. in wartime.
What is Schenck v. US (1919)
corporations have a 1st Amendment right to expressly support political candidates for Congress and the White House
What is Citizens United v. FEC (2010)
Where do you find the most enumerated powers,
What is article 1 section 8
The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit
What is plaintiff
Struck down state-sponsored prayer in public schools. Ruled that the Regents' prayer was an unconstitutional violation of the ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE
What is Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that a defendant in a felony trial must be provided a lawyer free of charge if the defendant cannot afford one.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Established the principle of "one person, one vote" and made such patterns of representation illegal. The Court asserted that the federal courts had the right to tell states to reapportion their districts for more equal representation.
What is Baker v. Carr (1962)
What article deals with executive powers
What is article 2
Answer questions in court
What is to testify
Amish people refused to send their children to school past the 8th grade when the state required public schooling for all children until age16. Significance/ Result: This law is in conflict with the FREE EXERCISE CLAUSE. The statute is in direct conflict with Amish beliefs. The Amish may teach themselves.
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder
The court legalized abortion by ruling that state laws could not restrict it during the first three months of pregnancy. Based on 4th Amendment rights of a person to be secure in their persons.
What is Roe v. Wade (1973)
NO racial gerrymandering; race cannot be the sole or predominant factor in redrawing legislative boundaries; majority-minority districts.
What is Shaw v. Reno (1993)
Relation of the states to each other and to the federal government, guarantees to the states, and government of the territories
What is Article IV
The decision of a petit jury or a judge
What is verdict