Amendments
This amendment prohibits excessive bail, fines, and cruel or unusual punishment.
8th Amendment
This landmark case ended racial segregation in public schools.
Brown v. Board of Education
This case established the principle of judicial review, allowing courts to strike down unconstitutional laws.
Marbury v. Madison
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution are collectively known as this.
Bill of Rights
How people form their political view
This 14th Amendment clause requires states to treat people equally under the law.
Equal Protection Clause
This case guaranteed the right to an attorney for criminal defendants.
Gideon v. Wainwright
This case upheld the supremacy of federal law and Congress's implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause.
McCulloch v. Maryland:
A legal or moral entitlement to have or do something is called this.
Right
Type of ideology that would most likely support lower taxes and limited government regulation of the economy
Conservative
This First Amendment clause prohibits the government from setting up a religion.
Establishment Clause
This case incorporated the Second Amendment right to bear arms to the states
McDonald v. Chicago
This case ruled that racial gerrymandering must meet strict scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause.
Shaw v. Reno
This process applies Bill of Rights protections to the states via the 14th Amendment.
Selective Incorporation
- Money and Resources of major parties
- Duverger's law
- Political Psychology and Influence
This amendment protects against self-incrimination, double jeopardy, and guarantees due process
5th
Students wearing black armbands to protest the Vietnam War were protected in this case.
Tinker v. Des Moines
This case led to the requirement that police inform suspects of their rights upon arrest.
Miranda v. Arizona
Amendments used to protect reproductive rights in Griswold v Connecticut and Roe v Wade
1, 3, 4, 9, 14
Ultranationalist political ideology characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, and a return to an "honorable" or "glorious" past.
This amendment guarantees the right to a speedy trial, an impartial jury, and legal counsel.
6th
This case ruled that school-sponsored prayer violates the Establishment Clause.
Engel v. Vitale
This case established the principle of "one person, one vote," allowing federal courts to review redistricting issues.
Baker v. Carr
Legislation that prohibited discrimination in public places
Errors in the 2016 Election Polls
Non-Response Bias
Social Desirability Bias