Cultural Diffusion
The spread of ideas through people physically moving from one place to another.
Relocation Diffusion
A common language used among speakers of different native languages for trade or communication.
Lingua Franca
A defined area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government.
State
A boundary that follows natural features like rivers or mountains.
Physical boundary
Redrawing voting district boundaries.
Redistricting
The spread of culture outward from a central node in a snowballing effect.
Expansion Diffusion
The complete loss of original cultural identity when adopting a new culture.
Assimilation
The ability of a state to govern itself without outside interference.
Sovereignty
A boundary created without regard to cultural patterns.
Superimposed boundary
Manipulating district boundaries for political gain.
Gerrymandering
This type of diffusion spreads hierarchically through power structures like celebrities or political leaders.
Hierarchical Diffusion
The process of adopting some traits of a dominant culture while retaining aspects of the original culture.
Acculturation
A state with a single centralized government.
Unitary state
A boundary that develops along cultural lines.
Consequent boundary
The transfer of power to regional governments.
Devolution
When a cultural trait adapts as it spreads, combining with local traditions.
Stimulus Diffusion
A language that develops from the blending of multiple languages and is spoken as a native language by a population.
Creole
A country made up of multiple cultural groups.
Multinational state
A boundary drawn before an area is heavily populated.
Antecedent boundary
The movement to unite people of the same culture or ethnicity under one state.
Irredentism
Explain how globalization has accelerated cultural diffusion and give one example.
EX. Increased connectivity through technology and trade spreading ideas faster (answers vary)
Explain the difference between universalizing and ethnic religions with one example of each.
EX. Universalizing religions seek other members (e.g., Christianity), while ethnic religions are tied to one group/place (e.g., Hinduism) (answers vary)
Explain the difference between a nation and a state, including the term for when they overlap.
EX. A nation is a cultural group, a state is a political unit (country), and a nation-state is when they align (one nation in one state).
Explain the impact of superimposed boundaries and give an example.
EX. Superimposed boundaries ignore cultural differences, often causing conflict. Example: borders created during the Berlin Conference (answers vary)
An organization made up of multiple states that cooperate on political, economic, or cultural issues, often giving up some sovereignty.
Supranational organizations