Development and Diffusion of Agriculture
Before the invention of Agriculture, most humans were __________ and _________.
What is Hunters and Gatherers?
Where is pastoral nomadism predominant?
What are arid/semiarid regions of North Africa/Central Asia?
Which agricultural activity is in the 2nd ring of Von Thunen's model?
What is timber/forestry?
This is where the majority of people in LDCs get their protein from.
What are cereal grains? Wheat, Barley, Rice, Corn
Slash and Burn Agriculture is also known as
Shifting Cultivation
Refers to the complete process of production, selling and shipping.
Methods of supplying lands with water by artificial means (e.g. pipes, sprinklers, ditches, streams)
What is irrigation?
The growing of one crop the entire agricultural year
monocropping
There are the 5 primary agricultural hearths. Name three of them.
What is SW Asia, East Asia, Central and South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America?
large scale farming and ranching operations that employ vast land bases, large amounts of mechanized equipment, factory-type labor forces, and the latest technology
What is commercial agriculture?
The agricultural model that shows the relationship between crops grown and their proximity to the market
What is the Von Thunen Model?
Provide 2 human actions that lead to desertification
What is excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting?
Refers to the agricultural practices used by groups for surviving.
Subsistence Agriculture
This is the fourth ring of the von Thunen Model
What is animal grazing?
This is a living thing that possesses a unique combination of genetic material obtained through the use of biotechnology
What is a GMO?
The practice of swapping crops season to season to ensure soil maintains nutrients
This Revolution is more about Genetic Modified Organisms and renovation of agricultural practices while benefiting other countries in need of increased food production.
What is the Green Revolution?
In _____ subsistence farming, farmers must expend relatively large amounts of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a small parcel of land. In _____ subsistence farming, there is use of little labor and capital to increase agricultural productivity on large parcels of land.
What is intensive/extensive?
This grid like pattern was most common in the United States?
Township and Range
What are 3 negative results of the Green Revolution?
Polluted Water, Soil Erosion, Decreased biodiversity, Expensive Seeds, Fertilizer, Pesticide, High Debt, Decrease in Small Farmers
Refers to the process of growing fish in hatcheries for sale.
Aquaculture
This is the agricultural hearth where goats were domesticated
What is SW Asia?
Outside of GMOs, what was the most important invention of the Green Revolution?
HYV High Yield Varieties of Seed
the removal of fertile topsoil by wind, water, or human activity, degrading land and causing significant agricultural, economic, and environmental damage
Soil Erosion
Rice is thought to have been domesticated in this agricultural hearth
What is East Asia?
Where is commercial gardening/truck farming the MOST prevalent?
What is the Southeastern US?
What are 2 reasons agriculture is difficult for women in developing countries?
Access to loans, Ability to own land, Access to Education, Gender Discrimination, Family Rearing
Growing of crops for the usage of domesticated animals
Mixed Crop and Livestock
These three crops are converted into drugs. Two of them are especially dangerous and the other one is used by over 140 million people worldwide.
What are coca leafs, opium poppy plants, and cannabis sativa?
This refers to the business of farming though it is not correlated directly with actual farms.
What is agribusiness?
Urban areas that are over a mile from a grocery store or rural areas that are 10-20 miles from a grocery store
Food Desert
These are the processes that made large commercial farming and agribusiness possible.
What is machinery, intensive agriculture, etc.?
In which country would wheat production be the HIGHEST: United States, Egypt, or Vietnam?
What is United States?
This vibe based pattern uses natural land features for surveying. Most common in England
Describe 2 reasons why Sub-Saharan Africa benefitted the least from the Green Revolution?
1. Political Instability
2. Incompatible Crops
3. Infrastructural Issues (Poor Roads, Undeveloped transport systems/distribution, Little Ag. Research, Insufficient Lending Systems)
4. Environmental Issues (Poor Fertility, Unpredictable Weather, Desertification)
This is the land that is used for slash and burn
What is swidden?
the controlled breeding, rearing, and harvesting of aquatic plants and animals—such as fish, shellfish, and algae—in freshwater or marine environments.
Aquaculture
This is the name given to a flooded field in which rice is grown
What is a paddy (or sawah)?
Refers to the negative build up of salt in soil