1-5
2-10
3-15
4-20
5-25
100
Refers to 5 distinctive time periods in American Urbanization.
Stage 1:Sail Wagon era
-Took place from 1790 to 1830
-Wind power was the main source of energy for shipping and on land was the wagon
Sites + locations: New York harbor, Boston harbor
Stage 2:Iron-Horse Cities
-Took pace from 1830-1870
-Spread around rivers + canals
-Railroads + steamboats were rapidly diffusing
-Both eras introduced the development of the midwest
Stage 3: Steel-Rail Epoch
-Ports lost rank because of the continued growth of the railroad network
-Oversaw a drastic improvement in public transportation
-Great Lakes Chicago is where the industrial cities from the steel industry centered around
Satge 4: Auto-Air Epoch
-Ranged from 1920-1970
-Cities are connected between Driving + flying
-Rapid diffusuin od suburbs
-National Defense Highways act results in a new pattern of development
Stage 5:High-Technology Epoch
-Ranging fromthe 1970s onward
-Also describes as the satellite-electronic jet propulsion epoch
-Diffusion in sectors of the economy revolving around service + information
What are Bochert's Epochs?
100
Idea or innovation spreading outward from the place of origin/hearth
What is expansion Diffusion?
100
-Involves: services moving, selling, trading, and finance.
-Mostly found in MDCs
What is the tertiary Sector?
100
-Created by Nicolas Spykman
-Maintain power between ------------------ and
------------------.
-Helped explain the Vietnam and Korean war
What is the rimland and heartland theory?
100
(2 parts)
__________ are created by an outside force, that doesn't follow culture or physical feaures
__________ is where territory is spearated based on the natural landscape
_________Can be divided based on cultural elements
What are types of boundaries: geometric, physical, cultural.
200
Created the world systems Analysis where each state is interdependent on the other. Developed a core and a periphery.
Global Economic Core | Global Economic Periphery | Global Economic Semi-Periphery |
-Developed countries that are industrialized that are the ones that run the economy -Higher income, education, and uses of technology | -Developing countries that were colonies at one point of core countries -Achieved lower levels of education, lower salaries, and consumed less technology | -Between core and periphery -Characteristics pertaining to both core and periphery |
Most prevalent in the US and western European countries. | Mostly in Africa, Central America, and South West Asia. | -Common in India, China, Russia, and Mexico. |
What is Wallerstein's theory?
200
A rapid diffusing widespread characteristic throughout a population.
What is contagious diffustion?
200
-Involves the process of creating + transferring information
-Assembling, distibuting, and processing along with managing other businesses.
-High level decision making
-Examples include: legislature + cabinet
What are the Quaternary and Quinary sectors of economy?
200
Concluded the following:
-Every Migration flow generates a return migration -Most migration involves immigrants migrating a short distance -Urban residents are often less migratory than residents of rural areas -Families are less likely to move internationally than young adults -Most migrants are adults -Large towns expand through migration
What are Ravenstein's migration laws?
200
Based on the population pyramid under what stage of the DTM would the city fall under?
What is stage 3?
300
The time when humans were no longer dependent on Hunting and gathering and began the process of domesticating plants + animals. Consisted of both Neolithic Revolution in addition to the industrial Revolution. Allowed for people to be stationary in one place @ one point and time. Involved the enclosure movement where lands were divided up and combined by wealthy individuals.
What are the agricultural revolution?
300
The spread of an idea or innovation from place to place, with no apparent thought of the distance between locations.
What is Stimulus diffusion?
300
- Explained the pattern in the use of agricultural land
-Assumed there was only one city and market place where goods were sold @ maximum Profit. The costs are fixed in one form.
What is Von Thunen's Model?
300
According to the Von Thunen Model what do the inner ring and outer rings represent? (3 parts)
What is Dairy farming, market gardening, and ranching + livestock?
300
Under which state morphology would this image of South Africa fall under?
What is a perforated state?
400
The spread of an idea through the physical movement from one place to another.
What is relocation diffusion?
400
-Indulged in raw materials, farming, fishing, and mining
-Small % of people labor in this division
What is the primary Sector?
400
Created by a lawn drawn that cuts through the middle of the globe to show the North-South divide between developed and developing countries involving their GDP.
What is a Brandt line?
400
Alfred Weber's Least cost Theory predicted and explained the locations where factories would situate and grow. According to his theory one must consider _________ including which two factors?
What is transportation, weight, + distance?
400
The sector model created by Homer hoyt to display that cities develop in "series of sectors". What is the represented from #2 in the model below?
What is Transportation + industry?
500
The spread of an idea from an authority or someone in power to other people or places.
What is hierarchical Diffusion?
500
-Processing the raw materials to create the finished product through manuacturing in factories mills, and plants. -Shifted from MDCs to NICs
What is the secondary sector?
500
-From the British/ American school
-Believed that naval power was the key to becoming an empireand believed that land based power woud be the key to a countrys future GDP
-Central Eurasia was the key component to claiming total power: referred to as the "heart land" or "pivot area."
What is the Heartland theory?
500
Model that explained + predicted the path nations take to development. There are five total stages. (2 parts)
Stage # | Name | Level of Development |
1 | Traditional Society | -_________ -Minimal Investment + innovation |
2 | Preconditions for take off | -Small group begins to innovate Example:__________ |
3 | Take off | -Few industries from stage 2 because of rapid growth -Industrialization increases -Subsistence agriculture decreases |
4 | Drive to Maturity | -Diffusion of technology -Skilled labor -____________ |
5 | High mass consumption | -____________ -higher education -higher incomes -higher consumption |
Who is Rostow? What is subsistence,South Korea, higher education, and shift from secondary to tertiary?