Key Terms
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
MR. GRAHAM'S CHALLENGE
100
The development of higher-yield and fast-growing crops through increased technology, pesticides, and fertilizers.
the Green Revolution
100
This type of agriculture is defined by people who are poor just barely making enough to feed their own families.
Subsistence Agriculture.
100
The Second Agricultural Revolution coincided with this major historical period/development.
The Industrial Revolution
100
This agricultural model explains the spatial distribution of farming based on distance from the market.
von Thünen model
100
The practice of clearing land by slashing vegetation and burning it is known as this.
slash-and-burn agriculture
100
Nikita S. Khrushchev visited this US state in 1959 to learn about America's agricultural advancements.
Iowa
200
The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically due to drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture is called this.
desertification
200
This survey method divides land into rectangular parcels, widely used in the U.S.
township and range system
200
One major innovation from the Second Agricultural Revolution that increased efficiency on farms.
mechanical plow or seed drill
200
Crops such as Coffee, Tea, Bananas, and Chocolate are considered this type of crop.
Luxury Crops
200
This term refers to the long-term production of food in a way that minimizes environmental impact.
sustainable agriculture
200
This was the most famous example of land degradation in US history.
Dust Bowl
300
This part of the world has the most plantation agriculture today.
South America / Southeast Asia
300
This is how many years ago the first agricultural revolution took place.
10,000
300
Name two negative consequences of the Green Revolution?
soil degradation, water pollution, or loss of biodiversity
300
A region specializing in large-scale production of a single crop is known as this.
monoculture
300
This environmental effect occurs when too much irrigation leads to the accumulation of salts in the soil.
soil salinization
300
List, in order, the following from closest to farthest from the market according to the Bid-Rent Theory:
Grain
Livestock
Horticulture
Forestry
1. Horticulture
2. Forestry
3. Grain
4. Livestock
400
Farming method where land is cleared and used for a few years before being left fallow to recover.
shifting cultivation
400
Name 3 of the major hearths of plant domestication mentioned in Chapter 11
Fertile Crescent, Southeast Asia, Mesoamerica, Ancient China, Indus River Valley, West Africa,
400
The Green Revolution introduced this type of seeds, which increased food production.
High-yield Variety seeds
400
According to the von Thünen model, this type of agriculture is found closest to the market.
dairy or intensive farming
400
The introduction of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has made crops have increased yields in what two ways?
Pest resistance, Drought Resistance
400
Norman Borlaug did all of his education at this University.
University of Minnesota
500
This term refers to the seasonal movement of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures.
transhumance
500
These are the two natural forces that shape agriculture.
Physical Geography & Climate
500
This man was the father of the Green Revolution.
Norman Borlaug
500
The von Thünen model assumes this type of landscape for its theoretical framework.
isotropic plain
500
This system of irrigation was developed in the mid 20th century.
center-pivot irriagation
500
19th Century Wisconsin farmers switched to dairy after wheat was not successful, and invented these two types of cheese.
Brick and Colby