Agricultural Revolutions
This term describes the global diffusion of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Old World (Europe, Asia, Africa) and the New World (the Americas) after 1492.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Humans obtained food by hunting animals and foraging for edible plants
What is hunting and gathering?
Residential areas located in the outskirts of a city
The practice of persuading owners to sell properly cheaply and then reselling it at a higher price
Before the First Agricultural Revolution, how did human beings obtain food?
Through hunting and gathering (nomadic lifestyles).
What is pastoralism/pastoral nomadism?
The largest city in a country
What is primate city?
The process of population and economic activities shifting from the central city to its surrounding areas, leading to the growth of suburbs
This movement, starting in the 1970s and 80s, introduced higher-yield seeds and expanded the use of fertilizers to increase global food production.
What is the Green Revolution (Third Agricultural Revolution)?
A form of subsistence farming where plots of land are cultivated for a short amount of time before being abandoned and allowed to regenerate, with farmers then moving to a new plot
What is shifting cultivation?
Key organizing centers for global, economic, political, and cultural flows
This urban planning movement aims to reduce sprawl by increasing density and making neighborhoods more walkable.
What is New Urbanism?
This 18th-century movement in Great Britain increased efficiency through the use of crop rotation and better breeding, leading to a population explosion.
What is the Second Agricultural Revolution?
A large area of land is used with minimal inputs to produce food for the farmer's family, rather than for sale
What is extensive subsistence-level farming?
a densely populated urban area with a well defined CBD, with surrounding suburbs
A discriminatory practice in which financial services are withheld from neighborhoods that have significant numbers of racial and ethnic minorities
What is redlining?
These two calorie-dense crops were brought from the Americas to Europe, eventually becoming staples that fueled population growth.
What is corn (maize) and potatoes?
Farmers cultivate a small area of land using a high amount of labor and animal power to produce food for their own consumption
What is intensive subsistence level farming?
An urban area with a population exceeding 20 million
This term describes the progressive spread of development over the landscape, often leading to low-density residential areas.
What is Sprawl?