Integumentary
This is the most superficial layer of the skin.
Epidermis
The shaft of a long bone is known by this name.
Diaphysis
The walls of the stomach and intestines contain this type of muscle.
Smooth muscle
In osteoporosis, where bone resorption outpaces formation, this bone cell is most active.
OsteoCLASTS
(clast = destroying, blast = creating)
This type of joint / joint shape provides the greatest range of motion (HINT: shoulder, hips)
Ball-and-socket joint
This protein gives skin its waterproofing and tough protective capability.
Keratin
Compact bone is organized into these dense, cylindrical structures, while spongy bone is a lattice of trabeculae.
Osteons
This is the term for the ability of a muscle to shorten.
Contractility
Calcitriol is the most active form of this substance.
Vitamin D
The average number of bones in the adult human skeleton.
206
This is the deepest layer of the epidermis.
The fatty substance dominating the medullary cavity of an adult humerus.
Yellow marrow
This type of muscle has a single nucleus per cell while skeletal muscle is multinucleated.
Smooth muscle
Blood calcium deficiency stimulates this hormone's secretion, leading to osteoclastic activity.
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
The scapula belongs to this division of the skeleton.
Appendicular
This pigment gives color to human skin.
Melanin
What composes the axial skeleton?
Skull, vertebral column, rib cage
These two muscle types can contract without the need for nervous stimulation.
Smooth and cardiac muscle (involuntary!)
Which hormone lowers blood calcium levels?
Calcitonin
This muscle type is characterized by being both striated and involuntary.
Cardiac muscle
This layer of the skin contains nerves, glands, and hair follicles, while the epidermis is mainly a protective cell layer.
The dermis
What bone shape are the scapula and sternum?
Flat bones
The proper term for your thigh muscle.
Quadriceps
A patient with impaired osteoblasts would most likely experience this consequence.
Impaired bone formation and repair
CHALLENGE: Olympic training at high altitudes increases red blood cell count. Based on what you know about oxygen and muscle contraction, why does this result in longer aerobic respiration?
Red blood cells carry oxygen. More oxygen = more ATP = increased energy availability for muscles. Aerobic respiration requires a steady supply of oxygen!