Nutrients
What are the 3 things nutrients are used for in the body?
Growth, Repair, and Maintenance
Where does the digestion of carbs begin?
in the saliva
Amino acids can be stored.
true or false?
FALSE
What are the 3 sources of lipids?
adipose tissue, diet, and synthesis by the liver
Which metabolic process is used to breakdown the food we eat?
Catabolism
Vitamin K is what type of nutrient?
Micronutrient
What carb aka simple sugar is the main supply of energy and catabolized to generate approximately 34 ATPs?
Glucose
Where does the breakdown of protein begin?
In the stomach
which process breaks down fats for energy usage?
Lipolysis
A carbohydrate is broken down using what metabolic process?
Glycolysis
What macronutrient is the most complex to breakdown?
Carbohydrates
Where does the first step of cell respiration occur?
Cytoplasm/Cytosol
Amino acids are broken down into precursors for what components of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle
Which lipoprotein is considered "bad cholesterol"?
LDLs
Which process uses energy from redox reactions to attach to ADP?
Oxidative Phosphorylation
There are 4 vitamins that can be stored in body fat, what are they?
Vitamin A, D, E, and K
What are the 4 steps of cell respiration?
Glycolysis, transformation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, Krebs cycle, and Oxidative Phosphorylation
amino group removal>conversion to ammonia>ammonia conversion to urea>urea excretion in the urine
Where does lipid metabolism begin and why?
In the intestines, because this is where pancreatic lipase is released by the pancreas to breakdown fats
Explain Oxidation Reduction? (Redox Reactions)
**you can use the biochemistry acronym
OIL-oxidation is loss
RIG-reduction is gain
In immunity, plasma cells are responsible for the generation of antibodies. What category would antibodies fit under as an essential nutrient?
Protein
In fitness, why is it important to have some type of carbohydrates before a workout?
Carbs are the body's main source of energy
Protein synthesis is essential for what type of tissue?
muscle tissue
Triglycerides and glycerol are broken down in an anabolic process for what purpose?
Lipid synthesis and fat storage
What process happens to glucose to produce energy for cellular respiration?
Redox (oxidation-reduction)