RA
All R.A. essays must address in the commentary the ________ and the _________ of the rhetorical device(s).
How and Why (or vice versa)
What are the two kinds/types of evidence you should aim to include in your argumentative essay?
1. First hand evidence (personal experience)
2. Second hand evidence (historical events, expert opinion, etc.)
The following quote is an example of what rhetorical device?
"I could see far down into caverns of pale pink throat. (...) The thick blood welled out of him like red velvet but still he did not die."
How many sources must you minimally incorporate into your synthesis essay?
Three
What is being appealed to in this example?
"Best wishes.
Yours,
Albert Einstein"
Ethos (Automatic Ethos)
Your thesis statement in an R.A. essay should always address two things, what are they? (Think of it as the ________ and the __________)
1. WHAT is the author's purpose? (think, feel, do)
2. HOW do they achieve it? (devices used)
What are the 3 types of claims?
1. Claim of Fact
2. Claim of Value
3. Claim of Policy
The following quote is an example of what rhetorical device?
"Read. And don't read. (...) Listen. Don't listen."
Antithesis, Juxtaposition, Contradiction.
The 3 appeals are Pathos, Ethos, and Logos. What do they each specifically appeal to?
Pathos: Emotions
Ethos: Shared Values/Ethics
Logos: Logic
What is being appealed to in this example?
"I have borne thirteen children, and seen most all sold off to slavery, and when I cried out with my mother's grief, none but Jesus heard me!"
Pathos
Cause and Effect, Narration, Definition, Description, etc. are all examples of what?
Methods of Development
A successful argumentative essay MUST (at some point) do these two things...
1. Address the counterargument
2. Refute the counterargument
The following quote is an example of what rhetorical device?
"One portion of the land is the same to him as the next, for he is a stranger who comes in the night and takes from the land whatever he needs."
Metaphor
You can hint at the complexity right away in your synthesis essay by constructing this type of specific thesis statement...
Counterargument thesis statement
What is being appealed to in this example?
"Scientific research is based on the idea that everything that takes place is determined by laws of nature, and therefore this holds for the actions of people."
This (singular) literary element CANNOT be considered a rhetorical device in and of itself, but it IS created out of the use of rhetorical devices and can still be analyzed.
Tone
The Toulmin Model presents a claim and evidence but is only as successful as the ____________it rests upon.
Warrant
The following quote is an example of what rhetorical device?
"While the wheelchair-bound struggle to reach their stoves, it feels a bit 'Princess and the Pea' of me to grumble that peeling potatoes...."
Allusion
As part of the rhetorical situation, there is term for a specific moment/event that gives rise to the text. What is that term?
Exigence
What fallacy is being committed in this example?
"Many of the terrible mysteries that confront teachers of college freshmen composition can be solved simply by looking at Angelou's writing."
Hasty generalization
What do each of the letters stand for in the acronym used for the rhetorical situation?
1. Speaker
2. Occasion
3. Audience
4. Purpose
5. Subject
Provide the organizational structure (5 parts) of the recommended Classical Oration Model
1. Introduction
2. Narration
3.Confirmation
4. Refutation
5. Conclusion
The following quote is an example of what rhetorical device?
"And Ain't I a woman? I could work as much and eat as much as a man (...). And ain't I a woman? I have borne thirteen children (...). And Ain't I a woman?
Anaphora
What are the 3-4 "safe and/or recommended" rhetorical devices you could always defer to in an R.A. essay?
1. Diction
2. Syntax
3. Imagery
4. Other types of figurative language (metaphor, simile, personification, etc.)
What fallacy is being committed in this example?
"To hold up this book as a paradigm of memoir, of thought--of literature--is akin to inviting doctors convicted of malpractice to instruct our medical students."
Faulty Analogy