Schedules of Reinforcement
The name for a set amount of responses to encourage a behavior
What is a Fixed Ratio
When certain events occur together. (Has two parts to it)
What is Associative Learning
Feared loud noises but not rats. After experiment, he became afraid of rats.
Little Albert
An innate, unlearned stimulus that satisfies a biological need. Necessity for survival
What is a Primary Reinforcer
Strengthening a response by presenting a reward (something pleasurable) after the response.
What is Positive Reinforcement
A changing number of responses needed to strengthen a behavior
What is a Variable Ratio
The Process of observing and imitating a specific behavior
What is Modeling
Psychologist who studied the digestion of dogs. Made an experiment with harnessing dogs and exposing them to a tone and food.
Ivan Pavlov
Anything not necessary for survival. Stimulus that builds up meaning through learned associations with Primary Reinforcers. (Has two names)
What is a Conditioned/Secondary Reinforcer
Though to be a risk factor for violence as it could cause nightmares/terrors, desensitivity to ____ and fear of harm
What is Viewing Violent Media
Reinforcement is given at/for a certain time
What is a Fixed Interval
The gaining of mental information that shapes our behavior through observing events/others or through language
What is Cognitive Learning
Main focus was observational learning. He created the Bobo Doll experiment which proved that children would imitate what the adults did which was hitting the dolls.
Albert Bandura
Represents value or meaning
What is a Symbolic Reinforcer
Diminishing a conditioned response
Unpredictable timing for reinforcement
What is a Variable Interval
A change in behavior from watching someone else's behavior
What is Observational Learning
Showed in his studies that an animal can learn predictability of events. The more predictable something is, the stronger the response.
Robert Rescorla
Something you touch or touches you
What is a Physical Reinforcer
A procedure of operant conditioning where reinforcers guide an animals actions to a certain targeted behavior
What is Shaping
2 Non-Partial Reinforcement Schedules
Continuous/Intermittent Reinforcement Schedules
Not noticeable or used until there is incentive to use it
What is Latent Learning
Created an experiment with dogs to study concept of learned helplessness. Harnessed dogs in portable kennels with electrifying floor and shocked them randomly for two weeks.
Martin Seligman
Makes you feel a certain way
What is a Psychological Reinforcer
(Person) Came up with operant conditioning.
BF Skinner