Locations Galore
The major control center of the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system.
What is the hypothalamus?
These muscle fibers contain many mitochondria and are resistant to fatigue.
What are slow-twitch fibers?
Channels that open up in response to ACh binding to them.
What are ligand gated ion channels?
The division of the nervous system that slows down many body functions.
What is the parasympathetic division?
The neurotransmitter associated with muscle fiber communication.
What is acetylcholine?
The structure of a muscle fiber that carries nerve impulses and triggers the release of Ca2+.
What is a T-tubule?
The contractile proteins of muscle tissue.
What is actin and myosin?
The substrate in the Krebs Cycle that generates a small amount fo ATP and a large amount of intermediates.
What is Acetyl CoA?
The molecules that modify a neurons ability to communicate.
What are neuromodulators?
What muscle tone is important for.
What is posture, balance, and joint stability?
Where smooth muscle is located in the body.
What are tubular structures (blood vessels, GI tract, reproductive system, eyes)?
Specialized neurons that trigger muscle contraction and stimulated many muscle fibers at once.
The section of the spinal nerve that carries sensory information back to the central nervous system.
What are posterior roots?
The layer of the meninges that is important for cushioning the brain.
What is the arachnoid mater?
The muscle that relies almost exclusively on aerobic respiration and twitches at 250msec.
What is cardiac muscle?
The site at which neurons talk to muscle fibers.
What is the neuromuscular junction?
The name of the process where myosin heads attach to actin filaments, pull them inward, and then detach during muscle contraction.
What is a cross-bridge cycle?
The process by which we translate the action potential on the sarcolemma to the contraction of myofilaments inside the muscle cell.
What is Excitation/Contraction Coupling?
The bundle of axons that carry motor information from the brain.
What are descending tracts?
This plexus is formed by spinal nerves C5-T1 and provides nerve supply to the upper limbs.
What is the brachial plexus?
The location where two neurons are separated.
What is the synaptic cleft?
Two causes of physiological fatigue.
What is insufficient energy sources, lactic acid build up, hyperpolarization of muscle cells, and insufficient ACh storage? (Only need 2)
This process allows nerve impulses to travel faster by skipping between gaps along the axon rather than traveling continuously down.
What is saltatory conduction?
The four classes of chemical neurotransmitters.
What is acetylcholine, amino acids, monoamines, and neuropeptides?
The glial cells of the central nervous system.
What are oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, microglia, and astrocytes?