The GDP is comprised of investment spending, government spending, net exports, and this.
What is consumer spending?
Who is the current (2025) Chair of the Federal Reserve?
Who is Jerome (Jay) Powell?
Discretionary fiscal policy includes these two things.
What are taxing and spending?
If Pancho the expert video cassette maker is unemployed recently due to the advent of DVDs, his unemployment is of this type.
What is structural?
When the government to increases taxes but decreases spending, it is implementing this type of policy.
What is contractionary?
If Carlos deposits $100 into his bank, and a bank deposits it into his checkable deposits. What has happened to M1 and M2?
What is both M1 and M2 remain the same?
Recently, the Federal Reserve Board met to announce its target rate policy for the next fiscal quarter. What did they decide to do - lower, raise or keep the same?
What is keep target rates/the Federal Funds rates the same?
The natural rate of unemployment, found at the full employment level is considered to be roughly this percentage.
What is ~4%?
The banking system "creates" money by doing this.
What is loaning out (excess) reserves?
Contractionary monetary policy serves to close the inflationary gap through doing this.
What is decreasing the money supply.
This economic policy can be implemented to both protect domestic markets and influence foreign actors.
What is the implementation of tariffs?
Identify the interest rate that consumers pay and lenders charge - the listed "price of borrowing".
What is the nominal interest rate?
This is the reserve system in which the US banking system functioned prior to 2019.
What is the limited reserve system?
What does investment spending in the equation rGDP = C + G + I + Xn refer to?
What is investment in capital goods?
The supply of loanable funds shifts right when individuals are more inclined to do this.
What is save?