Reading 1 General
23. The primary mode of composition of paragraph three of the passage is:
(A) narration
(B) description
(C) definition
(D) cause and effect
(E) process analysis
(E) Once the virtues have been defined, the writer analyzes his process for achieving these virtues in paragraph three. This paragraph goes through the steps and pulls apart the process by detailing how the writer plans to practice and master each virtue. Process analysis walks through a process step-by-step and this can be seen here.
24. In context, the word “precept” in line 22 most nearly means:
(A) a definition of the virtue
(B) an example of the virtue in action
(C) an exception to the rules of the virtues
(D) a particular course of action to follow the virtues
(E) a preconceived notion about the virtue
(D) Because the writer calls what follows each virtue a precept, it can be seen that precept most nearly means a particular course of action to follow each virtue. What follow each virtue, the precepts, are specific directions, such as “eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation.” The imperative sentence shows that these precepts are commands.
62. The primary mode of composition for the first paragraph is:
(A) narration
(B) description
(C) process analysis
(D) defi nition
(E) classification
(D) The first paragraph of the passage relies on the mode of definition. It defines “king,” doing so in part by exploring the etymology of the word.
63. In context, the word “querulously” in line 34 most nearly means:
(A) in a complaining fashion
(B) forgivingly
(C) in an interrogative fashion
(D) unhappily
(E) unrealistically
(A) In context, “querulously” means “in a complaining fashion,” and it is used to describe the discontentedness of men who measure reality against ideals and complain when reality does not measure up to ideals.
What is Mrs. Garcia's favorite color?
Green
22. The primary mode of composition of paragraph two of the passage is:
(A) narration
(B) description
(C) definition
(D) cause and effect
(E) process analysis
(C) The second paragraph is developed through definition. The writer defines each virtue by attaching a precept that must be followed to achieve it and so makes clear what it means to practice the virtue. It’s also clear that the mode is definition since the writer names each virtue.
25. The line “Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve” uses:
(A) anaphora
(B) epistrophe
(C) asyndeton
(D) repetition
(E) polysyndeton
(D) Repetition is the technique used. The specific type of repetition is called epanalepsis. Here, the word “resolve” is repeated at both the beginning and end of the sentence.
66. The primary mode of composition used in paragraph four is:
(A) narration
(B) description
(C) definition
(D) cause and effect
(E) comparison and contrast
(D) Paragraph four analyzes the causes of rebellions. The writer claims that the cause of all rebellions is the placement of an unable man at the head of affairs. The writer points to this misplacement as the major cause of “madness” and “a fatal chaos.”
61. The second sentence of the passage, “The Commander over Men; he to whose will our wills are to be subordinated, and loyally surrender themselves, and find their welfare in doing so, may be reckoned the most important of Great Men,” is the following type of sentence:
(A) simple
(B) sentence fragment
(C) interrogative
(D) complex
(E) imperative
(D) The sentence provided is complex because all of the information between the commas is modifying the subject, “the Commander over Men,” which is provided at the beginning of the sentence, but the predicate, “may be reckoned the most important of Great Men,” is held until the end. Hence it is complex because it has dependent clauses.
What is Mrs. Garcia's favorite band?
"The Jonas Brothers"
30. The tone of the passage as a whole can best be described as:
(A) self-deprecating
(B) resolved
(C) bemused
(D) reticent
(E) irreverent
30. (B) The writer’s tone can best be described as resolved, as he is committed to his process at arriving at moral perfection. He has made a firm decision and is trying to achieve his goal.
28. The style and the organization of the passage mostly appeals to:
I. ethos
II. logos
III. pathos
(A) I
(B) II
(C) III
(D) I and II
(E) II and III
(D) The subject of the passage, arriving at moral perfection, appeals to ethos. As does the writer’s comments about his intentions of being wholly virtuous, which makes him seem credible and trustworthy. Aside from that, the orderly structure of the passage appeals to logos as it follows a clear and rational pattern.
64. The style of the passage can be characterized by its use of all of the following except:
(A) varied sentence structure
(B) emphatic punctuation
(C) colloquialisms
(D) enumeration
(E) figurative language
(C) The passage uses formal diction and does not use colloquialisms. It does vary its sentence structure (uses periodic among other constructions), use emphatic punctuation (the exclamation mark, for example), enumerate (for example, “Husting-speeches, Parliamentary motions, Reform Bills, French Revolution . . .”), and use figurative language (for example, an extended metaphor of a bricklayer).
68. The lines “The ‘law of gravitation’ acts; Nature’s laws do none of them forget to act. The miserable millions burst forth into Sansculottism, or some sort of madness: bricks and bricklayers lie as a fatal chaos—!” uses all of the following rhetorical techniques except:
(A) syntactical inversion
(B) figurative language
(C) apposition
(D) allusion
(E) alliteration
(C) There is no apposition, nor an appositive, in which a noun or noun phrase replaces the preceding noun. There is inversion in the phrase “Nature’s laws do none of them forget to act”; there is figurative language in that this sentence is employing an extended metaphor; there is an allusion to “Sansculottism”; and there is alliteration with the phrase “miserable millions.”
How many days away is Mrs. Garcia's birthday?
17 DAYS!!!
27. The writer of the passage can best be characterized as someone who is:
(A) disapproving
(B) methodical
(C) disinterested
(D) unrealistic
(E) judgmental
(B) Because of his enumeration and process analysis, the writer can be characterized as someone who is methodical, meaning that he is characterized as having systematic behavior or habits. Both the style and content are orderly and mirror the writer’s nature.
29. The line “in conversation it was obtain’d rather by the use of the ears than of the tongue” uses the rhetorical technique of:
(A) personification
(B) metaphor
(C) simile
(D) metonymy
(E) synecdoche
(D) Metonymy is used in this sentence as ears stand for the action of listening and the tongue stands for the action of speaking. Metonymy is when a word is substituted for another with which it is closely related, such as in the line, “the pen is mightier than the sword.” In this example, the pen stands for writing while the sword stands for warfare.
26. Paragraph three uses several examples of a type of figurative language called:
(A) personification
(B) metaphor
(C) simile
(D) metonymy
(E) synecdoche
(A) There are several examples of personification in paragraph three. For example, in the sentence “This and the next, Order, I expected would allow me more time for attending to my project and my studies,” the writer gives Order the human attribute of being able to allow something.
70. The major claim of the passage is stated in which of the following line(s)?
(A) “The Commander over Men; he to whose will our wills are to be subordinated, and loyally surrender themselves, and find their welfare in doing so, may be reckoned the most important of Great Men.”
(B) “And yet, on the other hand, it is never to be forgotten that Ideals do exist; that if they be not approximated to at all, the whole matter goes to wreck!”
(C) “The Ablest Man; he means also the truest-hearted, justest, the Noblest Man: what he tells us to do must be precisely the wisest, fittest, that we could anywhere or anyhow learn;—the thing which it will in all ways behoove US, with right loyal thankfulness and nothing doubting, to do!”
(D) “Ideals must ever lie a very great way off ; and we will right thankfully content ourselves with any not intolerable approximation thereto!”
(E) “You have forgotten that there is any rule, or natural necessity whatever, of putting the Able Man there.”
(C) This sentence defines the king as the “ablest,” “truest-hearted,” “justest,” and “noblest,” and then it discusses how following the able man has the best consequences for us. This sentence is the most complete in terms of the thesis of this passage as it defines and then analyzes the effects of choosing the king.
What are the names of Mrs. Garcia's daughters (from oldest to youngest)?
Azalea and Kya
21. The main purpose of this passage is to:
(A) argue for the impossibility of “arriving at moral perfection”
(B) describe the writer’s planned process of “arriving at moral perfection”
(C) define the concept of “arriving at moral perfection”
(D) analyze the effects of “arriving at moral perfection”
(E) classify the ways of "arriving at moral perfection"
(B) The writer of the passage describes in detail his planned process of “arriving at moral perfection.” Although he does define the virtues he needs to practice (he doesn’t classify) and define moral perfection, these are steps along the way of him describing the process. He does not argue in this passage, nor does he analyze the effects, as he just discusses the plan.
67. The rhetorical function of the extended metaphor of the bricklayer can best be described as:
(A) illustrating the disastrous results of having an “unable” man as king
(B) exemplifying the “plummet and level” referred to in line 42
(C) providing an analogous example contrasting the “able” and “unable” man
(D) signaling a shift from a discussion of kings to a discussion of revolutions
(E) defining the “ignoble, unvaliant, fatuous man”
(A) The extended metaphor of the bricklayer begins in the third paragraph and continues into the fourth paragraph and illustrates the disastrous results of having an unable man as king. This is developed through the cause and effect of rebellions in paragraph four.
69. The purpose of the passage is twofold; it is to:
(A) argue that choosing a king is more important than choosing a jury and to classify able men and unable men
(B) define what a king should be and to display the effects of choosing poorly
(C) persuade that a king is the greatest of all heroes and to compare ideals and practice
(D) analyze the process of choosing a king and to analyze the causes of choosing poorly
(E) describe great kings and narrate the events that follow choosing poorly
(B) The first portion of the passage defines “king” and the last portion of the passage analyzes the effects of choosing an unable man to be king, when the proper definition of a king is an “able man.”
65. The rhetorical function of the line “Alas, we know very well that Ideals can never be completely embodied in practice” is best described as:
(A) shifting the passage from a discussion of ideals to a discussion of practice
(B) providing a claim to be supported with data in the rest of the paragraph
(C) articulating a warrant that is an underlying assumption
(D) concluding an argument presented in the previous paragraph
(E) acknowledging and responding to possible counterargument
(E) The writer acknowledges the counterargument that others would raise in objection. This counterargument would point out that ideals cannot be fully realized. The writer raises and responds to this possible counterargument.
In what month did Mrs. Garcia get married?
June