Momentum
What is Momentum?
The product of an object’s mass and velocity.
(Represents how hard it is to stop a moving object.)
What is Displacement?
The net change in an object’s position./ The difference between an object’s final position and initial position.
What is a Free-Body Diagram?
A simplified sketch of an object that shows the external forces acting on it.
What is Potential Energy?
The stored energy of an object.
What is Newton’s 3rd Law?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What is Conservation of Momentum?
Total momentum before a collision equals the total momentum after.
What does a flat line on a position-time graph mean?
Constant Velocity
What components do you for angled forces?
sin(θ) & cos(θ)
Is kinetic energy related to work and power?
Yes (the Work-Energy Theorem)
What is Newton’s 2nd Law?
An object’s acceleration is directly proportionate to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.
A toy car weighing 1.3kg travels 32 meters in 4 seconds. What is its Momentum?
10.4 kgm/s
V = 32m/4s = 8 m/s
1.3kg x 8m/s =10.4 kgm/s
A race car accelerates from 18.5 m/s to 46.5 m/s in 3 seconds. What is the distance traveled?
97.5 m
d = Vi + Vf/2 x t
d = 18.5+46.5/2 x 3
What is Net Force?
The vector sum of all forces on an object.
Is carrying a bag of groceries work?
No (Force isn’t in direction of motion)
How is Newton’s 3rd Law related to the force of tension?
The 3rd law states that tension is a manifestation of it, where forces always come in pairs acting on different objects.
What is the Impulse-Momentum equation?
(Force)(Time) = (Mass)(Change in Velocity)
A race car accelerates from 18.5 m/s to 46.5 m/s in 3 seconds. What is the acceleration?
(Round to the tenths place)
9.33 m/s2
A = Vf - Vi/delta T
A = 46.5 - 18.5/3
When does tension come into play?
Whenever a connector like a rope, string, or cable acts as a pulling force.
What can Potential Energy transform into? (Give 2 examples)
Kinetic Energy, Thermal Energy, Electrical Energy, or Sound Energy
What components does Newton’s 2nd Law involve?
Force, Mass, and Acceleration
To soften an impact, should you extend the time or reduce the force?
Extend the time because it would reduce the force for the same change in momentum.
A car accelerates from rest at 6 m/s2 for 25s , then maintains a constant velocity for 50s, and finally brakes at -9.0m/s2 until it stops. What is the total distance and total time?
D = 5025 m
T = 88.33s
Tension vs Applied Force
Tension is the specific pulling force within a connector and Applied Force is the external push/pull on an object.
How is Work related to Potential and Kinetic Energy?
Work is the transferring of energy, changing potential energy into kinetic energy
What components are involved in Newton’s 3rd Law?
Action-reaction force pairs