Nervous System
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
During which sleep stage do we dream the most?
REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.
What is selective attention?
Focusing on one thing while ignoring others.
What are the three stages of memory?
Encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Who developed the stages of cognitive development?
Jean Piaget.
What do sensory neurons do?
Carry information from the body to the brain/spinal cord.
What is the circadian rhythm?
The body’s natural 24-hour sleep/wake cycle.
What is the Gestalt principle of proximity?
We group objects that are close together
What is short-term memory also known as?
Working memory.
What is object permanence, and which stage is it in?
Knowing objects exist when not seen; Sensorimotor stage.
What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system?
Activates the “fight or flight” response.
What part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
The pupil.
Define depth perception.
The ability to see objects in three dimensions.
What is the spacing effect?
Information is better remembered when study is spaced out over time.
What is egocentrism in Piaget’s theory?
When a child can’t see another’s point of view, the Preoperational stage.
What does the myelin sheath do for a neuron?
Speeds up the transmission of electrical impulses.
What is the difference between rods and cones in the retina?
Rods = vision in dim light, black & white
Cones = color vision, detail
What does the visual cliff experiment suggest about perception?
Infants have some innate depth perception.
What’s the difference between retrograde and anterograde amnesia?
Retrograde = can’t remember the past
Anterograde = can’t form new memories.
What ability marks the formal operational stage?
Abstract and logical thinking.