Unit 1-2
Research on human mating preferences suggests that men place greater value on physical attractiveness and youthfulness, whereas women place greater value on social status and financial resources. Which psychological point of view best explains this behavior?
Evolutionary
Which part of the neuron receives messages?
dendrite
What is shaped by personal experiences?
perception
The most famous example of classical conditioning is Pavlov's ____.
dog
What word should you avoid using in FRQs regarding memory?
remember
In the early years of psychology, a research participant might have been asked to observe carefully and systematically his conscious experiences. What method would the participant be using?
Introspection
Ben was enjoying a walk in the woods on a beautiful Saturday afternoon. As he went around a curve, he noticed a bear walking toward him. Immediately his pupils dilated, he began to perspire, and his heart accelerated. These changes are most closely related to the function of the
sympathetic nervous system
People who are color blind most likely have deficiencies in their
cones
Elizabeth picks up the clothes from her bedroom floor and puts them away to avoid her mother’s repeated nagging. Elizabeth’s behavior is being influenced by
negative reinforcement
Chuck recalls the day last summer when he fell off his bicycle and scraped his knee. This is an example of which type of memory？
episodic memory
What is the term for a variable that researchers do not control and that can affect the results of a study?
Confounding variable
Action potential is a _________ response.
All-or-none
While attending a concert, Anthony finds that he can clearly recognize the melody coming from the lead violin above all the other instruments playing in the orchestra, even though the other instruments may be louder. Gestalt psychologists would explain Anthony’s ability using the principle of
figure-ground
A mental image of a spatial layout is called
cognitive map
When Cory is given a logic problem to solve, he systematically tries every possible solution until he finds the correct answer. Cory’s strategy is to use
an algorithm
A researcher is studying the effect of caffeinated drinks on the activity level of ten-year-old children. Half of the children in the study drank caffeinated soda, and half drank noncaffeinated soda. Neither the research team nor the children knew which drinks had caffeine and which drinks did not. The researchers were using
Double blind
Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?
reticular formation
Curare blocks action at acetylcholine synapses and causes paralysis. This drug is an example of an
antagonist
A cancer patient becomes nauseated following chemotherapy treatments. After a few treatments, the patient begins having a sick feeling whenever entering the treatment room. The treatment room has become
a conditioned stimulus
Raj, a four-year-old child, learned to open the door to a classroom by pulling on the handle. Now whenever he approaches any door he pulls on the handle and is confused when that does not work. This is best explained by Raj’s having developed which of the following for door opening?
Mental set
A research group involved with advertising is conducting a study to investigate whether shoppers are more likely to engage in impulse buying at the checkout than at any other place in the store. For the results of the study to be generalizable, the researchers should
use a representative sample
Abnormalities in calcium regulation are most likely to arise from problems with
the parathyroid gland
Luz, a math major, sees the drawing above as a Venn diagram. Her brother, an art major, sees it as two circles. The difference in perception is an example of
top down processing
The idea that the explanation for prejudice lies in children’s modeling of their parents’ prejudicial beliefs, emotions, and behaviors is most closely aligned with the theories of which of the following?
Albert Bandura
A young child says, “Where did you goed?” Which of the following psychologists would most likely argue that the child is overregularizing a logical grammatical rule?
Noam Chomsky