Learning
Type of learning that occurs when individuals respond either to obtain a reward or avoid a punishment
What is Operant Conditioning?
First stage of cognitive development when the infant acquires object permanence
What is the sensorimotor stage?
He theorized about the stages of identity v. role confusion and trust v. mistrust.
Who was Erik Erikson?
This brain structure is important in controlling sleep and wakefulness.
What is the reticular formation?
The process of getting information out of memory storage
What is retrieval?
This particular example of classical conditioning is also known as the Garcia effect.
What is learned taste aversion?
Close emotional bond between infant and caregiver, studied by Ainsworth and Harlow
What is attachment?
Behaviorist who demonstrated that fear can be conditioned.
Who was John Watson?
Brain technology that measures brain wave activity, used in detecting seizures and sleep disorders.
What is an EEG (electroencephalogram)?
Memory aids such as method of loci or peg word system
What is a mnemonic device?
Learning that is not outwardly expressed until the situation calls for it.
What is latent learning?
An infant's natural disposition to show a particular mood at a particular intensity
What is temperament?
He conceptualized social learning by showing the power of modeling on behavior
Who is Albert Bandura?
What is sleep apnea?
Momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli
What is iconic memory?
Process that illustrates a neural basis for learning as synapses strengthen or grow as a result of learning
What is Long-Term Potentiation?
Parenting style that sets no firm guidelines and tends to give in to the demands of the child
What is permissive parenting?
She continues to research the effects of misinformation and reconstruction of memory.
Who is Elizabeth Loftus?
Altered state of consciousness characterized by deep relaxation and heightened suggestibility.
What is hypnosis?
Memory of facts and experiences that one consciously knows and can verbalize
What is explicit (declarative) memory?
Reinforcement schedule in which the reinforcement is presented at random times.
What is a variable-interval schedule?
A newborn will arch his back, fling out his arms and legs and then retract them in this newborn response to the sensation of being dropped
What is the Moro or startle reflex?
He identified the zone of proximal development and explained the importance of scaffolding.
Who was Lev Vygotsky?
The remembered story line of a dream
What is the manifest content?
An increase in the synapse's firing potential involving increased efficiency of signals sent across the synapses due to repeated stimulation
What is long-term potentiation?