Do you remember?
The very first stage in memory processing
What is encoding?
Janis gave a presentation on how genes and environment interact. What topic is Janis most likely discussing?
Nature vs Nuture
Most infants must stand before they walk, and toddlers use nouns be for verbs. This best exemplifies what term.
What is maturation?
A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information.
What is a schema?
Enables muscle action & associated with Alzheimer's disease
What is ACh (acetylcholine).
Describes memory that consists of facts and experiences we can consciously know (p1) we encode these memories through this process (p2)
What is explicit memory and effortful processing?
When variables have an inverse relationship (one increases, the other decreases) we are said to have this type of correlation
What is negative
When Kaev reached sexual maturity, becoming capable of reproducing, he entered this stage of life
Puberty
Little Andy has learned that robins are birds. She sees a sparrow, points to it, and calls out "Bird". According to Piaget, Andy is showing the cognitive process of
What is assimilation? (interpreting new experiences in terms of our existing schema)-- accommodation (adapting our current schemas to incorporate new information)
Helps control alertness and arousal (an undersupply can depress mood).
A fill-in-the-blank quiz tests ____ while a multiple choice quiz tests _______.
Recall-- Recognition
When there is systemic variation (all things are not equal or we have not controlled for everything) in an experiment, we might be faced with having ____________ variables that might make or results suspect.
What is confounding variables
This theorist developed the zone of proximal development which refers to the space between what a child is capable of doing and what the child cannot yet do.
Who is Vygotsky?
This theory of vision states that opposite retinal processes (red-green, blue-yellow, white-black) enable color vision
opponent-process theory
Involved in pain perception & immune response (oversupply can lead to chronic pain).
What is Substance P?
Kyle composes a song he thinks is unique. He plays it for Macy- Macy says she heard the song on the radio last year & he made this type of memory error.
What is retroactive interference?
This perspective is concerned with what is going on in the mind. Psychologists using this perspective enjoy studying thinking and memory
What is cognitive
As the infant’s brain develops, some neural pathways will decay if not used. This use-it-or-lose-it process is known as
What is pruning or synaptic pruning. (pg. 307)
Joe gives himself a test over his psychology study guide. This would be considered what type of retrieval practice?
Metacognition (thinking about our thinking- monitoring and evaluating your learning)
An oversupply of dopamine can be linked to ____ and an undersupply can be linked to ____.
Over: Schizophrenia
Under: Tremors or Parkinsons Disease
Explain the difference between a heuristic vs an algorithm.
Algorithm is a methodical rule or procedure (guarantees solution but more time & effort)
Heuristic is a simple thinking shortcut (we act quickly but @ risk for errors)
Emma, an 18-month old, typically recognizes herself in a mirror. Based on this information, Emma has developed
What is her self-concept?
What are ACE's and give a few examples
Adverse Childhood Experiences
This binocular cue helps you to perceive depth. By comparing retinal images from 2 eyes, the brain computes distance.
What is retinal disparity?
State the difference between a neurotransmitter and hormones.
Hormone- chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands that travel through the bloodstream and affect other tissues.