The area of the brain responsible for speech comprehension
What is Wernicke's area?
The five primary tastes: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and ______________
What is umami?
Dubbed the "Father of Psychology" after opening the first psychology research lab
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
Pioneered research on operant conditioning
Who is B.F. Skinner?
When the successful retrieval of a memory depends on the environment where the memory was encoded
What is context-dependent memory?
The lobe that houses the primary visual cortex
What is the occipital lobe?
Part of the eye that is entirely made up of cones
What is the fovea?
Studied observational learning in his Bobo doll experiment
Who is Albert Bandura?
Giving your puppy a treat to lay down, then to roll on his back, then to roll to back to his stomach, and then only when he fully rolls over
What is shaping?
You are using this type of memory when you answer "who is the first president of the United States?"
What is semantic memory?
The part of the neuron labeled H
What are the terminal buttons?
(axon terminals)
The only one of our five senses that is not routed through the thalamus
What is smell (olfaction)?
Established the perspective of functionalism; published first psychology textbook; co-proposed the earliest theory of emotion
Who is William James?
Type of conditioning: my mouth waters when I see the Taco Bell sign
What is classical conditioning?
The assumed capacity of short-term memory
What is 7 + or - 2?
The branch of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the fight or flight response
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
What is inattentional blindness?
Psychologist known for their research on the misinformation effect
Who is Elizabeth Loftus?
The schedule of reinforcement that is the most resistant to extinction
What is a variable-interval (VI) schedule?
Occurs when old information interferes with the retention of new information
What is proactive interference?
Brain structure that helps you keep your balance on the tightrope
What is the cerebellum?
The theory of color vision that explains why we see a red afterimage after staring at a green screen
What is opponent-process theory?
Developed behaviorism; argued psychology should only study observable behavior; conducted the "Little Albert" experiment
Who is John B. Watson?
Removing something unpleasant to encourage behavior (EX: replacing the batteries in the smoke detector to eliminate the obnoxiously loud beeping)
What is negative reinforcement?
Process in which information is repeated or reviewed to keep it from fading while in working memory
What is maintenance rehearsal?
The neurotransmitter exclusively responsible for controlling skeletal muscles; low levels of it are linked to Alzheimer's disease
What is acetylcholine (ACh)?
This type of processing allows us to make sense of the following:
Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn’t mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae. The rset can be a total mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe.
What is top-down processing?
The first female president of the American Psychological Association (APA)
Who is Mary Whiton Calkins?
Explains why after being conditioned to fear a white rat, Little Albert was also fearful of other white, furry objects
What is stimulus generalization?
Jason Bourne's condition in The Bourne Identity
(has no memory of who he is, where he lives, what he does, etc. but can form new memories)
What is retrograde amnesia?
The "master gland" of the endocrine system
What is the pituitary gland?
The three tiniest bones in the human body (collectively known as the ossicles) that transmit vibrations of the eardrum
What are the hammer, anvil, and stirrup?
Who proposed the hypothesis; language determines thought
Who is Benjamin Whorf?
The diminished conditioned response that happens when the UCS doesn’t follow the CS so the response is no longer reinforced.
What is extinction?
A type of sensory memory specific to vision
What is iconic memory?