Take the (Mental) Shortcut!
When you assume something is more likely to happen because you can easily remember it happening before
What is the availability heuristic?
Emotional distress seen in infants when they are introduced to people they don't know
What is stranger anxiety?
Conducted the "line experiment" to measure the extent of conformity in a group setting
Who is Solomon Asch?
The three stages of general adaptation syndrome (in order)
What is alarm, resistance, and exhaustion?
Conducted the Stanford Prison Experiment
Who is Philip Zimbardo?
Elmo has very high self-esteem, refers to himself in third person, and believes the world revolves around him (disorder)
What is narcissistic PD?
If you see Mr. Heidegger trip over a backpack in the classroom and immediately determine that he's clumsy, you have fallen victim to this
What is the fundamental attribution error?
The tendency to perceive an item only in terms of its most common use
What is functional fixedness?
This level of moral reasoning is marked by "wrong" behavior being punished and "right" behavior being rewarded
What is the preconventional level?
Believed conditional love/positive regard promotes incongruence of one's self-concept
Who is Carl Rogers?
The decision-making component of personality that seeks to delay gratification of urges until appropriate
What is the ego?
Proposed 4 stages of cognitive development
Who is Jean Piaget?
Interpretation is to psychoanalysis as clarification is to _____________
What is client-centered therapy?
(AKA person-centered therapy)
The most important factor contributing to the bystander effect
What is diffusion of responsibility?
How we know that adding
"-ed" makes a word past tense
What is semantics?
A child referring to anything eaten out of a bowl as "cereal" is committing this kind of language error
What is an overextension?
Conducted "A Strange Experiment" to study infant-mother attachment patterns
Who is Mary Ainsworth?
"I feel nervous because my palms are sweaty." (theory)
What is James-Lange theory?
Called for reforms in mental health care that led to the establishment of state-funded mental hospitals
Who is Dorothea Dix?
The neurotransmitter believed to play a role in various anxiety disorders
You ALWAYS pick up after your dog, but you forgot a bag this time and no one is looking--so you hurry home. The guilt you feel after such behavior is explained by this
What is cognitive dissonance?
Increased schooling and more demanding curricula are proposed explanations for this 100+ year trend of higher IQ scores
What is the Flynn effect?
This stage of cognitive development features the contemplation of concepts such as justice, love, and free will
What is formal operational?
Proposed general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Who is Hans Selye?
A student who doesn't trust Mr. Heidegger instead believes Mr. Heidegger doesn't trust him (defense mech)
What is projection?
His/her studies of infant monkeys showed the importance of contact comfort in forming attachments
Who is Harry Harlow?
A "revolving door" of mental health patients and an increased mentally-ill homeless population are attributed to this change in the treatment of mental illness
What is deinstitutionalization?
When students laugh at Mr. Heidegger's first joke of the day, the delivery of his second joke tends to be much better (why?)
What is social facilitation?
The concept that heredity sets upper/lower limits on intelligence while environment determines where you fall within these limits
What is reaction range?
Children who are competent outside of a nurturing home environment have mastered this stage (crisis) of psychosocial development
What is industry vs. inferiority?
Proposed the linguistic relativity hypothesis, stating that one's language determines the nature of one's thought
Who is Benjamin Lee Whorf?
This notion suggests that as a task gets more complex, the optimal level of arousal (for peak performance) decreases
What is Yerkes-Dodson Law OR the inverted-U hypothesis?
Proposed that humans are equipped with an innate language acquisition device
Who is Noam Chomsky?
To overcome your fear of snakes, your therapist locks you in a room with a snake and won't let you out until you pet it
What is flooding? (sliding in a new term; everyone gets the points)
By underlining FRQ terms, answering the prompt in order, and leaving spaces between paragraphs, you are using this to appeal to AP graders (be specific)
What is the peripheral route (to persuasion)?