Vocab
Definition of Psychology
What is
-The scientific study of behavioral and mental processes?
Aristotle
Who is
- Had love of data
– Derived principles from careful observations.
– Said knowledge is not preexisting but grows from
experiences stored in our memories.
- Philosopher
Biopsychological Approach
What is
-The integrated approach that incorporates the three levels of analysis
-Chart
Psychometric Psychologist
What is
- devoted to studying the measurement of
our abilities, attitudes and traits
-work at research facilities, testing companies, and universities, hospitals, mental health clinics, social service offices, and private psychological practices
Positive Psychology
What is
- scientifically explores positive emotions,
character traits, and enabling situations. The goal is to discover and promote strengths and virtues that help individuals/communities to thrive
- the gentle-parenting of psychology
Definition of Nature
What is
-Traits, genes, passed down to you (hereditary) ?
Wilhelm Wundt
Who is
-Psychologist/philosopher
-December 1879 in Leipzig, Germany, created an
experimental apparatus
– The machine measured the time lag between people’s hearing a ball hit a platform and their pressing a telegraph key.
-Wundt was seeking to measure “atoms of the mind”- the fastest and simplest mental processes.
-This started the first psychological laboratory
Biological
What is
- How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences; how genes combine with environment to influence individual differences.
-Physical health
-Mental health ?
Clinical Psychologist
What is
-assess and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders
-work at schools, private practices, facilities, hospitals, community centers, colleges/universities
Industrial Organizational Psychology
What is
- use psychology’s
concepts and methods in the workplace to help
organizations and companies select and train employees, boost morale and productivity, design products, and implement systems
Experimental Psychology
What is
- the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method ?
Mary Whiton Calkins
Who is
- Went to Harvard for a Ph.D., outscoring all the males on her qualifying exams.
– Harvard denied her the degree she earned and offered her a degree from Radcliffe College instead.
-Radcliffe was a undergraduate sister school for women
- She refused the degree, and later was awarded her degree in 2002. She later became a distinguished memory researcher
-The first American Psychology Association’s (APA) female president in 1905.
Psychological
What is
- mood
- personality
- behavior
Counseling Psychologists
What is
- help people cope with challenges and crises
- improve their social and personal function.
- work at schools, hospitals, organizations, mental health facilities, private practices
Developmental Psychology
What is
-study our changing
abilities from womb to tomb
Applied Research
What is
-Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems ?
Who is
-William James thought it would be better to consider the evolved functions of our thoughts and feelings
- Under the influence of evolutionary theorist Charles Darwin, James assumed that thinking developed because it was adaptive
- James was a functionalist
Behavioral
What is
- How we learn observable response
Cognitive Psychologists
What is
- experimenting with how people perceive, think, and solve problems
- work at research facilities, universities, and medical/mental health treatment clinics.
Educational Psychology
What is
- studying
influences on teaching and learning
Structuralism
What is
- early school of thought promoted by Wundt and
Titchener; used introspection (observing ones own mental
process) to reveal the structure of the human mind ?
Rene Descartes
Who is
-Agreed with Socrates and Plato
–The idea of innate ideas and mind being “entirely distinct from the body”; can survive its death
-Dissected animals
– Concluded that the fluid in the brain’s cavities contained “animal spirits”
– Nerve paths are important and enable reflexes.
Social-cultural
What is
- How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
Human Factor Psychologist
What is
- an I/O subfield that explores how people and machines interact; how machines and physical environment can be made safe and easy to use
-Work in academia and within government agencies
Basic Research
What is
-pure science that aims to increase the
scientific knowledge base