This is a testable prediction, often prompted by a theory, to enable us to accept, reject, or revise the theory
What is a hypothesis
100
This descriptive method records behavior in a natural environment
What is naturalistic observation
100
This is any effect on behavior caused by expectations alone
What is placebo effect
100
This is the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
What is range
100
This is the computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.
What is standard deviation
200
Thus is a statement of the procedures used to define research variables.
What are operational definitions
200
This is an observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles AND a drawback to this technique
What is a case study
My not be representative of larger population
200
This is the dif between experimental and control group
What is experimental group is exposed to treatment while control group is not
200
This is the difference between correlation and causation and an example of when correlation is NOT the same as causation
What is correlation means when one variable changes, another does as well.
Answers will vary
200
This is the % of scores that fall within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal curve.
What is 68%
300
This is the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it.
What is hindsight bias?
300
This is a method that ascertains self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group and these are 2 examples of potential drawbacks to using this method.
What is survey method
- wording effects
- sampling bais
300
These are the methods researchers take to control for the placebo effect
What are,
use a control group that is given placebo and experimental group for actual drug to demonstrate difference in results for 2 groups.
300
This is the mean, median and mode of the following list of numbers:
2,3,3,3,3,3,4
What is
mean:3
median:3
mode: 3
300
This is the criteria for a scientific categorization of statistically significant for most psychologists
What is the odds of a result occurring by chance is less than 5%
400
These are some limits of intuition and an example of when intuition has been wrong.
Not scientific, Monty Hall problem....answers may vary
400
This is the relationship between population, random sample AND random assignment
What is
- group being studies
- random selection of participants in study
- random assignment to experimental vs control group
400
This is the process and usefulness of the double-blind procdure
What is to eliminate experimenter AND participant bias by not revealing the true purpose of a study to participants OR the one conducting the experiment so they don't expect things to happen a certain way and behave accordingly.
400
This is the problem of having a skewed distribution
What is the mean or average may not reflect a true average since really high or low numbers would skew the mean.
400
These are 3 main ethics of research
What is
1. Do no harm
2. Informed consent
3. debrief after experiment
500
These are the 4 basic steps of the research process
What is:
1. Theory
2. Hypothesis
3. Research and Observations
4. Confirm, Revise, or Reject hypothesis
500
These are 3 problems in the Clever Hans experiment/study.
Answers may vary:
experimenter bias,
confounding variables,
replication
case study
500
In the Oak School Experiment Identify the following:
Hypothesis
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Random Sample
Population
Confounding Variables
Analysis of findings
Answers will vary
500
This is an example of a case where median would be the best measure of central tendency and why
Answers will vary
House prices in a neighborhood
500
If a standard deviation from a mean of 3 is .5, how many standard deviations is a score of 2 from the mean?