Basics, Sampling, & Ethics
This is the difference between experimental and control group
What is experimental group is exposed to treatment (the manipulated IV) while control group is not
This is the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution.
What is range
The father of psychology
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
Along with the APA, this group has created guidelines for safe animal research
What is IACUC?
A perceived non-existent correlation
Illusory Correlation
Name that correlation: Amount of time spent in school and amount of time spent in jail
This is the % of scores that fall within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal curve.
What is 68%
Approach or perspective in psychology that considers the role of adaptability and natural selection
What is evolutionary?
a qualitative research method where you record the behaviors of your research subjects in real world settings.
What is Naturalistic Observation
This is the why a double-blind procedure is used
What is to eliminate experimenter AND participant bias
Anything that causes a change in the results or interferes with the IV of the experiment are called
What are confounding variables?
A statistic that describes the direction and strength of the relationship between two sets of data
What is a correlation coefficient?
Famous early figure in psychology that believed the unconscious mind played a significant role in our behaviors.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
This person ran a famous study that used deception to study obedience.
Who is Milgram?
Research tool that allows you to reach many people quickly and inexpensively but can have problems with self-report.
What is a survey?
In an experiment, the hypothesis was that Eating Cookies before the test would increase test scores. Name the independent, dependent, and 3 confounding variables.
What is IV is cookies, DV is test scores, and confounding variables.
Which of the following has a stronger correlation? +.03 -.87 +.80 -.34
What is -.87. Remember the closer to +1 or -1 the stronger the relationship The closer to 0 the weaker the relationship
This is the mean, median and mode of the following list of numbers: 1,1,3,3,3,3,4,6
What is mean:3 median:3 mode: 3
Approach to psychology that emphasizes observable responses over inner experiences when accounting for behavior
Behaviorism
Researchers want their research to measure what it is meant to. If it does, the research is
What is valid?
This is an observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles AND a drawback to this technique
What is a case study; it is not be representative of population
This is any effect on behavior caused by expectations alone
What is placebo effect?
This is the biggest reason findings are not generalizable
What is sampling bias or a non-representative sample?
If a standard deviation from a mean of 3 is .5, how many standard deviations is a score of 4 from the mean?
What is 2? (1 SD=3.5, 2 SDs=4)
A person looking to aid people by assessing, diagnosing, and providing therapy would pursue this type of psychology
What is clinical?
These are 5 main ethics of research
What is 1. Do no harm 2. Informed consent 3. Confidentiality 4. Right to withdraw 5. debrief after experiment
research method in which data is collected about a group of participants over a number of years to assess how certain characteristics change or remain the same during development
What is a longitudinal study?
What is random assignment vs. random sampling?
random assignment: assigning participants to treatment or non treatment group
random sampling: everyone in the population has an equal chance of being in the study.
research method in which data is collected from groups of participants of different ages and compared so that conclusions can be drawn about differences due to age
What is a cross-sectional study?
When this occurs in a distribution of scores, it is better to use the median instead of the mean
What is skewed distribution?
Field of psychology that studies how to apply psychological understanding to workplace goals such as morale or increased productivity
What is industrial-organizational psychology?