AP Psych Research Methods

Research Methods 1

100

This is a testable prediction, often prompted by a theory, to enable us to accept, reject, or revise the theory

What is a hypothesis

200

Thus is a statement of the procedures used to define research variables.

What are operational definitions

300

This is the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it.

What is hindsight bias?

400

These are some limits of intuition and an example of when intuition has been wrong.

Not scientific, Monty Hall problem....answers may vary

500

These are the 4 basic steps of the research process

What is: 1. Theory 2. Hypothesis 3. Research and Observations 4. Confirm, Revise, or Reject hypothesis

Research Methods 2

100

This descriptive method records behavior in a natural environment

What is naturalistic observation

200

This is an observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles AND a drawback to this technique

What is a case study My not be representative of larger population

300

This is a method that ascertains self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group and these are 2 examples of potential drawbacks to using this method.

What is survey method - wording effects - sampling bais

400

This is the relationship between population, random sample AND random assignment

What is - group being studies - random selection of participants in study - random assignment to experimental vs control group

500

These are 3 problems in the Clever Hans experiment/study.

Answers may vary: experimenter bias, confounding variables, replication case study

Experiments

100

This is any effect on behavior caused by expectations alone

What is placebo effect

200

This is the dif between experimental and control group

What is experimental group is exposed to treatment while control group is not

300

These are the methods researchers take to control for the placebo effect

What are, use a control group that is given placebo and experimental group for actual drug to demonstrate difference in results for 2 groups.

400

This is the process and usefulness of the double-blind procdure

What is to eliminate experimenter AND participant bias by not revealing the true purpose of a study to participants OR the one conducting the experiment so they don't expect things to happen a certain way and behave accordingly.

500

In the Oak School Experiment Identify the following: Hypothesis Independent Variable Dependent Variable Random Sample Population Confounding Variables Analysis of findings

Answers will vary

Statistics 1

100

This is the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution.

What is range

200

This is the difference between correlation and causation and an example of when correlation is NOT the same as causation

What is correlation means when one variable changes, another does as well. Answers will vary

300

This is the mean, median and mode of the following list of numbers: 2,3,3,3,3,3,4

What is mean:3 median:3 mode: 3

400

This is the problem of having a skewed distribution

What is the mean or average may not reflect a true average since really high or low numbers would skew the mean.

Stats Cont.

100

This is the computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.

What is standard deviation

200

This is the % of scores that fall within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal curve.

What is 68%

300

This is the criteria for a scientific categorization of statistically significant for most psychologists

What is the odds of a result occurring by chance is less than 5%

400

These are 3 main ethics of research

What is 1. Do no harm 2. Informed consent 3. debrief after experiment