Unit 1
This perspective focuses on how people's unconscious memories and dreams and early childhood affect them
Psychodynamic
A researcher sits in the Eslite cafeteria watching people line up to purchase food at a restaurant. She records the number of times people of each gender cut in line, in front of someone else. What type of descriptive research is she conducting?
naturalistic observation
As salary increases, suicide rates decrease. Salary and suicide have a ____ correlation
negative
Electrical stimulation on different parts of this brain structure can lead to fear and aggression.
amygdala
Researchers briefly present the image of a frog to the right visual field of a split-brain patient. The patient will most likely.....
be able to say they saw a frog, or point with their right hand they saw a frog
This innovation differentiated Wilhelm Wundt's research the most from any psychologist before him
Laboratory research
In spite of the fact that many Americans reacted with shock when Donald Trump won the 2016 election, my Uncle John says that based on recent patterns of xenophobia, racism, and mistrust of the government, it was clear that this would happen. Uncle John in demonstrating ____.
hindsight bias
Dr. W is testing the effects of regular exercise on the speed at which a person falls asleep at night. Give two examples of confounding variables that Dr. W should consider when designing her experiment.
Many possible answers. Examples: caffeine intake; anxiety levels; food eaten directly before bed; screen usage; comfort of bad
This machine show brain processes by using the sugar glucose in the brain to illustrate where neurons are firing
PET Scan
Robert Wadlow, who grew to 2.72 meters in height, had a tumor near this gland, which produces growth hormones.
pituitary gland
Dr. Marco explains to a client that his feelings of hostility toward a coworker are most likely caused by the way the client interprets the coworkers actions and the way he thinks people should behave at work. Dr. Marco is most likely working from what perspective?
cognitive
Roger believes that people who live in cities are generally much ruder than people who live in the countryside. His sister Clara showed him psychological research that rudeness is about equal in the city and country. Roger refused to believe her, and Roger and his friend Joe told Clara about many examples of people who had travelled to the city and were treated rudely there. Roger and Joe are suffering from a(n) ____.
illusory correlation (but if someone says "availability heuristic", accept this as an answer too)
Which experimental design is used to minimize experimenter bias and the effects of demand characteristics?
double-blind procedure
An oversupply of this neurotransmitter is linked to schizophrenia.
dopamine
This area of the brain is part of understanding and recognizing spoken language
Wernicke's Area
In Harry Potter and the Halfblood Prince, Harry tricks his friend Ron into believing that Harry has given him some lucky potion. Believing that he took the potion, Ron actually ends up performing better than usual. This demonstrates the ____.
placebo effect
A psychologist creates a scatter plot of the SAT scores of incoming freshman at her university. She is utilizing ____ statistics.
descriptive (***If students forgot the term frequency polygram, remind them that it is a line graph used to visualize distributions, just as a histogram is a bar graph used to visualize distributions.)
Hormones are the chemical messengers of this system
endocrine system
When this is damaged, under experimental conditions you will be able to pick up with your LEFT HAND and object that you claim you can't see.
corpus callosum
An example of this perspective would be.... Dr. Oliver, who studies the differences in aggression levels among preschool boys and girls. He hypothesizes that the gender norms that exist in a particular community regarding when and how aggression is used are the reason for the observed behavioral differences.
Sociocultural
On the Wechsler intelligence test, the mean IQ score is 100. The standard deviation is 15. Monica's score was 145. What was Monica's z-score?
+3
Imagine an outlier causes a distribution to be positively skewed. Picture the curve this would create in your mind. Where is the mean, in relation to the mode and median, on this distribution?
The mean is moved to the right of the mode and median by the high outlier (positive skew). For a negative skew, it would move to the left.
This area refers to all of the portions of the cerebral cortex that are not devoted to sensory or motor functions, but are instead in higher order functions such as language, cognition, and reasoning?
Association areas
This brain structure produces dopamine; accidental stimulation here on rats led to the discovery of "reward centers" in the brain and helps explain addiction to certain drugs.
hypothalamus