Unit 7
Unit 7
Unit 8
Unit 9
Unit 9
100
Jimmy wasn't paying attention to the teacher's lecture, and was staring out the window; however, when the teacher called on him angrily and asked, "Jimmy, what did I just say?" this form of sensory memory allowed Jimmy to correctly answer "the war in Spain."
echoic memory
100
25-year-old Jane's memory of her 5th birthday party is a(n) ___ memory, whereas her effortless memory of how to tie her shoe is a(n) ___ memory
explicit (aka declarative) or episodic memory (episodic memory is a declarative memory of life events); tying the shoe is an implicit/nondeclarative memory (specific type would be procedural/motor memory)
100
According to the ______ theory, physiological responses and the cognitive experience of emotion are processed simultaneously (without one being "caused" by another).
Cannon-Bard
100
In this type of study, a developmental psychologist would explore human development by comparing different individuals of several age groups (NOT the same individuals over time).
cross-sectional study
100
This type of parent has high expectations, but unlike authoritarian parents, this type is also highly responsive to his/her child's emotions and will explain the reasons behind any consequence to his/her child, instead of saying "Because I say so."
Authoritative parent
200
15 years ago, Ryan went on a camping trip with his family. He went into the woods to urinate, and came face to face with a bear. Utterly terrified, he stared at the bear in frozen horror. Luckily, the bear lost interest in the motionless Ryan and walked away without touching him. Despite the long time interval since this event, Ryan can still picture the bear in his mind with perfect clarity; the extreme emotions he felt during this event seared it into his memory, making it what is known as a "______" memory.
flashbulb memory
200
Jennifer was introduced to several of her boyfriend's relatives at the beginning of Thanksgiving dinner, but to her embarrassment realized that she could only remember the names of the first and last personal introduced to her. This is due to the ___ ___ effect
Serial position effect (aka serial position curve); another acceptable answer would be primacy effect AND recency effect
200
A student who received an A+ on the AP Psychology midterm may feel very motivated to study for the AP Psychology Exam. Motivation that is born from the experience of success is known as ___ motivation.
achievement motivation
200
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a heartbreaking condition that is often present in children of alcohol mothers. The fact that alcohol has a devastating effect on prenatal human development reveals that it is a(n) ___.
teratogen
200
Piaget believed that people created ____ (perceptual frameworks to understand the world). New info is constantly assimilated into these; and these can also be changed to accommodate new info.
schemas (schemata)
300
When drunk, Joe got worried his roommate was looking at a photograph of Joe's girlfriend too much, so Joe hid the photograph in a bag of dirty laundry. The next morning, Joe remembered hiding the photograph, but couldn't remember where he put it. A few nights later, when Joe was drunk again, he remembered exactly where the photograph was. The fact that Joe had a better memory for things he did while drunk when he was drunk is evidence of:
state dependent memory
300
Louisa's US Government teacher allows students to memorize key documents for extra credit. In September, Louisa memorized the opening to the Declaration of Independence. In October, Louisa memorized the Preamble to the Constitution. In November, on the midterm, the teacher gave 2 points extra credit to anyone who could remember the opening to the Declaration of Independence. Unfortunately, when Louisa tried to write it down, all she could remember was the Preamble to the Constitution. This is an example of ____ interference.
retroactive
300
According to the __________ law, moderate arousal leads to the best performance (although what is "moderate" depends both on the person and the task).
Yerkes-Dodson
300
This theorist believed that we developed through our relationship with others, gradually forming trust, autonomy, identity, etc.
Erik Erikson
300
In Kohlberg's preconventional stage, what motivated morality?
fear of punishment
400
Significant damage to the hippocampus would prevent the formation of new memories, leading to ___ amnesia.
anterograde amnesia
400
Jonathan forgot the code to unlock his bike. He decided to try every possible combination, starting with 0-0-0-0, proceding to 0-0-0-1, and so forth. Jonathan was attempting to solve this problem using a(n) ______.
algorithm
400
Angela is having a hard time losing weight. Her doctor explains that when she eats less than her body is used to, her body actually slows down her metabolism in order to maintain her normal weight. The doctors explanation exemplifies ____ theory.
set-point
400
Mary Ainsworth's "strange situation" was designed to test ____.
attachment (attachment style)
400
In which stage of Piaget does metacognition occur?
formal operational
500
Benjamin Whorf studied the Hopi people and their language. He found that their language had fewer and different ways of speaking about time than the English language. After studying the Hopi, Whorf realized that the way they understood time was also different from English speakers. he concluded that the limited number of time words in their language limited their understanding of time. Whorf's theory that language affect cognition is known as _______.
linguistic relativity (linguistic relativity hypothesis; principle of linguistic relativity)
500
Andy's parents decided to punish him for his bad grades by grounding him. "We are locking you in your room, so you can't sneak out and go to that party," said his father. While his parents watched a movie downstairs, Andy tied his clothes and blankets together to make a rope long enough for him to reach the ground from his second-story window. Andy's parents had never imagined he could use these things to get out of the house, but creative Andy realized that things can be used for unpredictable purposes. What problem did Andy's parents have in their thinking, that prevented them from seeing a new use for these objects?
functional fixedness
500
Watching the soccer game, the fans in the stadium became extremely excited. One fan rooting for Manchester went to go buy a soda. He accidentally stepped on the foot of a fan who was rooting for Liverpool. The Liverpool fan, excited by the game, did not like having his foot stepped on, and he labelled his high levels of arousal as anger, leading him to swear loudly at the Manchester fan. Which theory of emotion is being exemplified in this explanation of the Liverpool fan's angry swearing?
two-factor theory (Schacter and Singer)
500
Freud's psychosexual stages explored how humans experienced sensual pleasure as they matured, whereas Piaget explored how humans' understanding of the world changed as they matured. In Freud's first stage, he focused on how infants constantly put objects in their mouths; Piaget also noted that infants had a tendency to put objects in their mouths as they explored the world and came to understand it through their sense of touch. What did each of these men name their first stages, respectively?
Freud- oral; Piaget- sensorimotor
500
This researcher's infamous monkey experiments confirmed that touch and physical contact were key to forming attachment.
Harry Harlow
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