Foundations
Who was the first woman to meet the requirements of earning a Ph.D. in Psychology?
Mary Whiton Calkins
If you are conducting a survey and simply select the first 100 people who respond to a mass email as the participants, your results will likely have what problem?
Sampling Bias
Which part of the brain explains the occurrence of infantile amnesia?
Hippocampus
Which researcher(s) gave psychology important information about the significance of contact comfort?
The Harlows
When a person first has a physiological reaction and then knows they feel the emotion, the theory of emotion that best explains this is…
James-Lange
What type of psychologist would focus on helping employers motivate and inspire employees?
Industrial/Organizational
If you conducted an experiment studying the impact a lack of sleep would have on a student’s test scores, the dependent variable would be what?
Test Scores
What did Elizabeth Loftus study/teach us about memory?
Eyewitness testimony, misinformation, framing
Which parenting style, according to Baumrind, is the best in our current Western culture?
Authoritative
What is it called when people stop enjoying something for which they previously had intrinsic motivation (because they now get extrinsic rewards for that activity)?
The Overjustification Effect
What type of psychologist would focus on expectations and perceptions?
Cognitive
What is standard deviation?
The average distance from the mean
What is the difference between fluid and crystallized intelligence?
Fluid = puzzles, new processes, procedures
Crystallized = facts, information
When a toddler (who knows four-legged animals are dogs) sees a cat and calls it a dog, this is demonstrating what concept from Piaget?
Assimilation
What are the three stages of Hans Seyle’s GAS (in order)?
Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion
Why do some psychologists criticize Skinner’s theory?
Didn’t focus on thoughts and feelings
What type of studies utilize scatter plots and how are the results represented? (The letter.)
Correlational studies/ R
Why is attention so important in the memory process?
It transfers information from sensory memory to short term memory
What is Mary Ainsworth known for?
Strange Situation/Attachment Styles
What happens if the lateral hypothalamus is lesioned?
People will never want to eat
What did Wundt argue should be the focus of psychology?
The way we consciously experience the world
What is statistical significance? What is a “P Score”?
The likelihood the results occurred by chance… the number representing statistical significance (the lower the better… .05 is usually okay…).
Which memory model focuses on the processes of encoding, storage, and retrieval?
Information Processing
Which stage, for Piaget, is where egocentrism is most likely?
Preoperational
What are the five traits from the 5-Factor Theory?
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism