Genetics
Refers to our genetic makeup – the DNA passed down from our parents.
Nature (Heredity)
The brain and spinal cord make up which division of the nervous system?
Central Nervous System
The basic building block of the nervous system that sends messages is called what?
Neuron
What is the outermost layer of the brain responsible for higher-level thinking and complex tasks?
Cerebral cortex
What is the name of the body’s 24-hour biological clock that regulates sleep and wake cycles?
Circadian Rythym
Everything from our family and friends to our culture and experiences
Nurture (Environment)
The peripheral nervous system includes which two main subdivisions?
What are the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?
What part of the neuron receives incoming messages from other cells?
Dendrites
Which lobe of the brain is responsible for decision-making and executive functioning?
Frontal Lobe
This area of sleep is marked by vivid dreams
REM sleep
The idea that behaviors have evolved over time because they helped our ancestors survive and reproduce.
Evolutionary Perspective
Which gland, often called the “master gland,” works with the hypothalamus to regulate growth and hormones?
Pituitary Gland
What electrical charge travels down the axon when a neuron fires?
Action potential
This part of the brain responsible for processing sensory information like touch.
Parietal Lobe
This area of sleep is marked by Sleep spindles and a lowered heart rate
NREM 2
The complete set of genetic material in an organism is called its
Genome
The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for: ________
Fight or Flight.
Drugs that mimic neurotransmitters or enhance their action.
Agonists
Damage to which specific area of the brain causes difficulty producing speech but not understanding it?
Broca's
Which theory states that dreams help the brain process and solidify memories and experiences from the day?
Consolidation Theory
How our environment can influence gene expression without changing the DNA itself (e.g., stress might turn certain genes on or off).
List 3 Symptoms of Rest & Digest
Decreased ALrtness
Constricted Pupils
Slow and Deep Breathing
Decreased HR
Stimulated Digestion
Decreased Muscle Tone
A disorder when The myelin sheath is damaged, slowing down or blocking signals.
Multiple Sclerosis
What structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain and allows them to communicate?
Corpus Callosum
Which structure in the hypothalamus responds to light to reset the body’s circadian rhythm?
What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)?