Nature vs. Nurture
This term refers to genetic or predisposed characteristics that influence behavior and mental processes.
Heredity
This division of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
What is the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
These branch-like neuron structures receive incoming signals from other cells.
What are dendrites?
This is the electrical impulse that travels down a neuron's axon when the neuron fires.
What is an action potential?
This neurotransmitter is strongly associated with reward, motivation, and movement.
What is dopamine?
A child learns a second language because the family speaks it at home. This is an example of this influence on development.
What is nurture?
This division of the nervous system allows the rest of the body to communicate with the brain.
What is the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
This long neuron extension carries electrical impulses away from the cell body.
What is the axon?
When a neuron is not firing, it maintains this electrical state across its membrane.
What is a resting potential?
This neurotransmitter plays an important role in muscle contraction and memory.
What is acetylcholine (ACh)?
The intentional control of human reproduction towards a certain goal (ex. not allowing people with schizophrenia to have kids to prevent schizophrenia)
What is eugenics?
Pulling your hand away from a hot stove involves a quick decision made at this structure.
What is the spinal cord?
This insulating covering around many axons helps neural impulses travel more quickly.
What is the myelin sheath?
This is the name for chemicals that neuron use to communicate with each other.
What are neurotransmitters?
These chemical messengers travel through the bloodstream and influence processes such as growth, stress responses, and reproduction.
What are hormones?
This evolutionary process favors inherited characteristics that improve survival and reproductive success.
What is natural selection/survival of the fittest?
This division of the peripheral nervous system controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.
What is the somatic nervous system?
This structure keeps the neuron alive.
What is the nucleus?
After firing, a neuron briefly enters this period during which it cannot fire another action potential, or requires a stronger stimulus to do so.
What is a refractory period?
Caffeine belongs to this class of psychoactive drugs, which generally increase neural activity.
What are stimulants?
Having separated a group of triplets at birth and placing them with different families, this researcher is interested in studying the following idea.
What is the impact of heredity/impact of environment?
An anime character experiences a rapid increase in body temperature, blood flow, and their body releases stores of energy in preparation for a fight. These actions would all be a function of this division of the nervous system.
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
After a message passes through a neuron, the next neuron receives the message across this.
What is a synapse/synaptic gap?
A neuron receives a flood of signals telling it to do an action otherwise known as these.
What are excitatory signals?
A person needs increasingly large amounts of a drug to experience the same effect. Name this phenomenon and the condition in which compulsive drug use may continue despite harmful consequences.
What are tolerance and addiction?