MeThinks
Thinking about thinking
What is metacognition?
A rule of thumb used in solving problems or making decisions
What is a heuristic?
Proposed that humans are equipped with an innate language acquisition device
Who is Noam Chomsky?
A child's mental age divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100
What is the intelligence quotient?
"ch" "a" "t" "s"
What is a phoneme?
When you suddenly discover the solution to a problem after struggling with it for a while; an "aha!" feeling
What is insight?
When you assume something is more likely because it matches your expectation/prototype
What is the representativeness heuristic?
Created the first useful intelligence test, aimed at predicting children's success in school
Who is Alfred Binet?
This is high when an IQ test measures what it was designed to measure
What is validity?
The smallest unit of meaning in language
What is a morpheme?
Using a shoe to hammer a nail is an example of overcoming this
What is functional fixedness?
Explains why people might think they are more likely be in a plane crash than in a car accident
What is the availability heuristic?
Proposes that humans have 8 independent intelligences
Who is Howard Gardner?
The concept that heredity sets upper/lower limits on intelligence while environment determines where you fall within these limits
What is reaction range?
Tells us that adding "-ed" makes a word past tense
What is semantics?
Continuing to believe something after receiving evidence that disconfirms it
What is belief perseverance?
When you assume two things are more likely to happen together than either happening alone
What is the conjunction fallacy?
Replaced the intelligence quotient for the normal distribution in his intelligence test
Who is David Weschler?
Increased schooling and more demanding curricula are proposed explanations for this 100+ year trend of higher IQ scores
What is the Flynn effect?
Without prior exposure to language, a child cannot truly learn any language beyond this point
What is a critical period?
Example: After pushing open a door, you later continue to try to push open a door that needs to be pulled
What is a mental set?
When given a familiar option and an unfamiliar option, you assume the familiar option is better
What is the recognition heuristic?
Who is Benjamin Lee Whorf?
According to Sternberg, this type of intelligence helps you solve problems encountered in everyday life
What is practical intelligence?
Type of infant speech around 24 months that only uses essential words to communicate; resembles many text messages today
What is telegraphic speech?