What's the Problem?
When you assume something is more likely because it matches your expectation/prototype
What is the representativeness heuristic?
Riding a bike is an example of this type of memory
What is procedural/implicit memory?
This process helps us get information into memory
What is encoding?
A type of sensory memory specific to vision
What is iconic memory?
Ebbinghaus's graphical representation of retention and forgetting over time
What is a forgetting curve?
Using a shoe to hammer a nail is an example of overcoming this
What is functional fixedness?
You are using this type of memory when you recall your favorite birthday party
What is episodic memory?
An encoding process that groups similar information into a single unit to increase capacity in short-term memory
What is chunking?
The greatest amount of time that information can be stored in short-term memory
What is 20 seconds?
The phenomenon that explains why retelling a story can lead to an inaccurate memory
What is misinformation effect?
Explains why people might think they are more likely be in a plane crash than in a car accident
What is the availability heuristic?
You are using this type of memory when you answer "what are the colors of the rainbow?"
What is semantic memory?
This is essential to moving information from sensory memory to short-term memory
What is attention?
Another name for short-term memory
What is working memory?
When you keep recalling your old phone number instead of your new phone number
What is proactive interference?
Example: 45 minutes into a movie you realize that you don't like it, but at this point you continue to watch it anyway
What is sunk-cost fallacy?
Remembering to give your favorite teacher a Christmas gift before you leave for winter break
What is prospective memory?
When the successful retrieval of a memory depends on the environment where the memory was encoded
What is context-dependent memory?
The assumed capacity of short-term memory
What is 7 ± 2?
Why you might wake up every day thinking it is December 13, 2024
What is anterograde amnesia?
Example: After pushing open a door, you later continue to try to push open a door that needs to be pulled
What is a mental set?
Mr. Heidegger's mouth watering after driving past the Taco Bell sign is an example of this type of memory
What is implicit?
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is an example of this
What is a retrieval failure?
The component of working memory you are (hopefully) using during a class lecture
What is the phonological loop?
The term that explains why hearing the first syllable of a word would be an effective retrieval cue for a word you encoded phonemically
What is the encoding specificity principle?