Psychologists
Types of Memory
Intelligence
Encoding, Storage, Retrieval
Forgetting and Memory Distortion
100

Created the forgetting curve which examined the effect of retention intervals on memory. 

Who is Hermann Ebbinghaus? 

100

Contains a limitless capacity and permanent retention.  


What is long term memory? 

100

The ability to reason and process speedily and abstractly. Decreases with age. 


What is Fluid intelligence?

100

Strategy for memory enhancement, which uses visualizations of familiar spatial environments in order to enhance the recall of information

What is the Method of Loci?

100

The inability to remember how you learned previously acquired information. 

What is Source Amnesia?

200

Theroized that language in innate rather than learned and believed that all languages had similar structures.


Who is Noam Chomsky? 

200

Deals with auditory information. Retentions of 1 to 2 seconds

What is Echoic memory?

200

Type of standarized test that reflects and measures what you’ve learned?

What is achievement test?

200

The tendency of people to remember information listed first or last and forget the middle.

What is the Serial-Position Effect?

200

Occurs when old information blocks the encoding of new information. 


What is Proactive Interference?

300

Demonstrated the Misinformation effect in the Lost in a Mall study. 

Who is Elizabeth Loftus?

300

Has a smaller capacity with a short retention span of about 30 sec. Information needs to be actively rehearsed. 


What is short term memory?

300

Accumulated knowledge. Increases with age


What is crystallized intelligence? 

300

The location where procedural and movement memory is stored? 

What is the cerebellum?

300

The inability to form new memories


What is Anterograde Amnesia?

400

Established the theory that human short-term memory is generally limited to holding seven pieces of information, plus or minus two. 

Who is George A. Miller?

400

Deals with visual information. Retention time of 0.5 seconds. 


What is iconic memory? 

400

Type of standarized test that predict and measure ability or future potential. 

What is an aptitude test?

400

The physical change that takes place in the brain when a memory is formed.


What is a Memory Trace (Engram)


400

The false sense of previously experienced situation

What is Deja Vu?

500

Established the theory of multiple intelligences in which 9 types of intelligences apply to a wide variety of abilities.


Who is Howard Gardner? 

500

Memories that do not rely upon conscious recall. Ex. riding a bike.  


What is Implicit memory?

500

The tendency for IQ scores to change over time based on early education improvement, test sophistication, and overall intelligence increases due to economics and nutrition.

What is the Flynn Effect?

500

A temporary, labile memory is transformed into a more stable, long-lasting form

What is consolidation?

500

The tendency to only think of the familiar functions of an object.

What is Functional Fixedness?

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