Unit 1
Two main subsets of the nervous system (1.2)
Central nervous system (CNS) & Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
What is the term that describes the failure to see visible objects when attention is directed elsewhere? (2.1)
Inattentional blindness
The tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personality
Actor-observer bias
Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the stress response?
The sympathetic nervous system
Famous evolutionary scientist who argued human emotional expression evolved in the same way physical characteristics evolved (Unit
Charles Darwin
Part of the neuron responsible for receiving and integrating messages and conducting messages towards the body (1.3)
Dendrites
Two types of heuristics (2.2)
Availability heuristics & Representative heuristics
Two routes of persuasion
Central route persuasion & peripheral route persuasion
Name the cells that wrap around the neural axon to form the myelin sheath (Hint: they are a type of glial cell)
Schwann cells
Famous Austrian neurologist credited with proposing the first comprehensive theory of personality
Sigmund Freud
Subject that explores how natural selection affects the expression of behavior and mental processes to increase survival and reproductive success (1.1)
Evolutionary perspective
A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype (2.8)
Stereotype threat
Name the 3 interacting systems of human personality proposed by Sigmund Freud
Id, Ego, & Superego
Match these terms (Unit 1):
Sensory Neurons Efferent Neurons
Motor Neurons Afferent Neurons
Sensory Neurons --> Afferent Neurons
Motor Neurons --> Efferent Neurons
Austrian psychologist credited with proposing attribution theory in 1958 which suggests how we explain human behavior by crediting either the situation or the person's deposition
Fritz Heider
Common sleep disorder in which normal REM paralysis doesn't occur, instead, twitching, talking, or even kicking or punching may occur, often ruining one's dream (1.5)
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Define long-term potentiation (2.3)
an increase in a nerve cell’s firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation; a neural basis for learning and memory
One of the two main reasons for conforming that involves influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Normative social influence
The term that describes the discomfort people feel when they realize their cognitions and actions are inconsistent or contradictory (Unit 4)
Cognitive dissonance
English psychologist who proposed the idea of general intelligence, the concept that underlies all mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.
Charles Spearman
Part of the brain responsible for the brain's emotional response system and fight or flight (1.4)
The amygdala
Three retention measures that show evidence of learning (2.3)
Recall, recognition, relearning
Theory with the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
Drive-reduction theory
Name the three intelligences of Sternberg's Theory of Three Intelligences (Unit 2)
1. Analytical (academic problem-solving) intelligence
2. Creative intelligence
3. Practical intelligence
Teacher-student duo who formulated a theory of general ability known as the Cattell-Horn-Carroll Intelligence Theory (bonus points if you can say which was the teacher and which was the student; Unit 2)
Raymond Cattell(teacher) & John Horn (student)