Parts of the Brain
_______ _____ is the visual processing center of the brain.
The Occipital Lobe
This part of the Nervous System is composed of the brain and spinal cord
The Central Nervous System is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
During which stage of sleep do most vivid dreams occur?
REM(Rapid Eye Movement) sleep is associated with vivid dreaming
This photoreceptor is responsible for color vision
Cones are photoreceptors responsible for color vision, located in the retina.
________ are drugs that mimic neurotransmitters.
Agonists
Which brain structure regulates body temperature, thirst, and hunger?
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus maintains homeostasis
Which division of the Nercous system calms the body after stress?
David finds himself falling asleep at random times throughout the day, in the middle of conversations, during meals, in meetings/classes. what sleep disorder does he have?
David has Narcolepsy.
While Edward is unable to clearly read words on a book he has no trouble viewing faraway billboards in the distance. what type of vision condition does he have?
Edward has farsightedness
Parkinsons disorder can be associated with low levels of which neurotransmitter?
Dopamine
George is a patient that is unable to understand language but has no problem with communicating with language production. What is George likely facing?
Wernicke Aphasia
Damage to the wernicke area harms language comprehension and in turn impairs language abilities.
what would happen if a neuron recieves several excitatory signals but never reaches absolute threshold?
A student stays awake all night studying, causing him to struggle when trying to remember information the next day. what sleep function is most likely affected?
Memory consolidation
sleep helps transfer information into long-term memory
how can two ears help determine sound location?
By experiencing differences in the sounds timing, the brain compares the taken in sounds and intensity between ears.
A student drinks several energy drinks before an exam to increase alertness and energy through caffeine. what category of drug is caffeine?
A Stimulant
after experiencing damage to the frontal lobe, an individual becomes impulsive and struggles to plan ahead. which function of this lobe has been most impaired?
Executive Functioning
This is as the frontal lobe is responsible for planning, judgement, and decision making.
When Alex accidentally touches a hot stove demonstrates an instant reaction, automatically moving away from the hot surface. what is this immediate reaction/reflex due to?
The reflex arc, as important stimuli skips the brain and routes directly to the spinal cord.
A student travels to Japan from Virginia and struggles to stay awake during the day once there. what biological process has been disrupted?
The Circadian Rhythm
The Circadian Rhythm, as the body's internal clock, will be disrupted when moving between time zones.
An individual has normal retinas and optic nerves but is however unable to recognize familiar faces, including those of family members. What condition does this individual have?
Prosopagnosia, also known as, face blindness.
Samantha is experiencing intense fevers, headaches, and vomiting after taking a break from her previous long term drug use. What is Samantha experiencing?
Samantha is experiencing withdrawal.
An individual, after an accident, suffers damage to a brain structure and is now unable to form new long-term memories despite being able to remember past ones. What does this reveal about which brain structure was impacted and its function?
The hippocampus is responsible for/helps in the transfer of new information into long-term memory.
An individual faces damage to the myelin sheaths surrounding neurons. they began to experience symptoms such as pain, and impaired mobility. What condition does the individual have and what is being disrupted?
Multiple sclerosis as action potentials are being disrupted.
The degradation of myelin shealths slows nerve signals causing deficits.
Olivia is deprived of sleep for multiple nights because she constantly stays up at night. When she suddenly takes a nap after school one day she ends up falling asleep for many hours. which effect would most likely occur?
REM Rebound
The brain will try to compensate for lost sleep time by entering REM quicker and for longer periods of time.
Elena's grandmother is facing a gradual decline of inner ear hair cells as she grows older, causing damage to the cochlea. What could result from this?
Sensorineural deafness as damage to the tiny hair cells in the ear's cochlea would moreover result in reduced ability/quality of hearing.
A student is called up to give a speech in front of hundreds of people. soon after they experiences increased heart rate, quicker breathing, and a rise in blood sugar. What hormones are being released in this situation?
Adrenaline is being released
when faced with a fight or flight situation, the body releases adrenaline in order to prepare your body to react.