Problem Solving
tendency for people to only use solutions to problems they already know work
What is mental set?
The idea that each of us has one underlying intelligence. If you are smart in one area, you are smart in other areas too.
What is general intelligence (g)?
The ability to access or remember information without being cued or identifying it from a list.
What is recall?
The process where our brains convert short term memories into long term memories.
What is memory consolidation?
Continuing to work on something you have invested in even when stopping would be more beneficial.
What is the sunk cost fallacy?
To view objects or ideas only in their customary manner
What is functional fixedness?
The ability to think abstractly, and learn new things - generally easier for young people.
What is fluid intelligence?
Identifying information after experiencing it again (multiple choice tests).
What is recognition?
When we try to retrieve a long list of words we usually recall the last words and first words best.
What is the serial position effect?
Generating, organizing, planning, and carrying out goal directed behaviors.
What is executive functioning?
The mental example of a category.
What is a prototype?
accumulation of knowledge, facts and skills (increases with age)
What is crystallized intelligence?
The relatively permanent and limitless archive of the memory system.
What is long term memory?
Visual memories that last only .3 seconds if not consolidated to long term memory.
What is iconic memory?
Quizzing yourself as a forming of studying to improve memory.
What is the testing effect?
Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas, or adding something to a preexisting mental category.
What is assimilation?
When calculating the first IQ test, the value of original IQ came from dividing the _______ by the chronological age.
What is mental age?
putting information into the memory system
encoding
When old information gets in the way of accurately remembering newer information.
What is proactive interference?
the belief that something is more likely to happen because it has either happened a lot already, or not happened in a long time (like when flipping a coin).
What is the gambler's fallacy?
presenting an idea in a specific way to influence the thinking of responders (leading questions)
What is framing?
condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill
savant syndrome
The phenomenon that makes it easier to remember psychology vocabulary words in the psychology classroom.
What is context dependent memory?
The neural basis of memory - connections re strengthened over time with repeated stimulation.
What is long term potentiation?
What is retrograde amnesia?