Learning
A conditioning process in which a behavior or response is reinforced only a portion of the time, rather than every time it occurs.
What is Partial Reinforcement?
The creation of a permanent record of information.
What is Storage?
The ability of the brain to simultaneously process incoming stimuli of differing quality.
What is Parallel Processing?
The process by which physical energy is converted into sensory neural impulses.
What is Transduction?
Paradoxical sleep when the brain is active while the muscles are paralyzed.
What is REM Sleep?
Number of times an action must be done in order to receive an award.
What is Frixed Ratio?
A vivid long lasting memory.
What is a Flashbulb Memory?
Uses prior knowledge to interpret stimuli.
What is Top-Down processing?
The smallest amount of stimulation that a person can detect 50% of the time.
What is Absolute Threshold?
Drugs which block pain (Agonists/Antagonists).
What are Opiates/Opioids?
Things that motivate behavior because they satiate an individual's basic survival needs.
What are Primary Reinforcers?
An intentional recollection of newly learned information, including facts and specific events .
What is Explicit Memory?
Cognitive brainwork which allows interpretation based on prior experience.
What is a Schema?
The ability to determine where the sound is coming form based on how loud you hear it in each ear.
What is Sound Localization?
Pain and distress experienced when one stops using addictive substance.
What is Withdrawl?
Anything that results in the removal of a noxious event or state (including an undesirable emotion like fear) and strengthens behavior.
What is Avoidance Learning?
Converting sensory input into meaningful, long-term memories by associating new information with existing knowledge and experiences.
What is Semantic Encoding?
The brain focuses a person's attention on a particular stimulus, usually auditory.
Theory that predicts how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus amid background stimulation.
What is the Signal Detection Theory?
Theory stating that dreams are the brain trying to make sense of random neural firings during REM.
What is Activation-synthesis?
The concept that knowledge that only becomes clear when a person displays it.
What is Latent Learning?
A persistent increase in the efficacy of synaptic transmission in certain brain cells.
What is Long-term Potentiation?
A phenomenon where stationary objects shown in rapid succession, transcending the threshold at which they can be perceived separately, appear to move.
What is the Phi Phenomoenon?
The theory which states the retina contains 3 color receptors (blue, green, and red).
What is the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory?
A bilateral structure located in the anterior part of the hypothalamus which is the central pacemaker of the circadian timing system and regulates most circadian rhythms in the body.
What is the Suprachiasmatic nucleus?