Modules 20 & 21
What type of processing starts at your sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information?
Bottom-up processing
What is the name for the retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray, and are sensitive to movement?
Rods
What is the name for the organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings?
Figure-Ground
This type of hearing loss results from damage to the cochlea's hair cell receptors.
Sensorineural hearing loss
Which of the following is the best example of sensory interaction?
A. Finding that despite its delicious aroma, a weird-looking meal tastes awful.
B. Finding that food tastes bland when you have a bad cold.
C. Finding it difficult to maintain your balance when you have an ear infection.
D. Finding that the cold pool water doesn't feel so cold after a while.
E. Finding that the hot peppers get hotter as you consume more of them.
B. Finding that food tastes bland when you have a bad cold.
This occurs when we fail to see visible objects because our attention is directed elsewhere.
Inattentional blindness
What is the name of the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain?
The Optic Nerve
This is a German word meaning "an organized whole."
Gestalt
When you listen to music, sound waves cause which part of your ear to vibrate first?
The gate-control theory states that "gates" for pain must be open in order for the brain to receive pain messages from the body. Where are these gates located?
The spinal cord
Vincent is washing his hands and he adjusts the faucet handle until the water feels just slightly hotter than it did before. Vincent's adjustment until he feels the change in temperature is an example of what?
A difference threshold
If you scratch your eye, which structure are you most likely to damage?
The Cornea
What do we call the illusion of movement that results from two or more stationary, adjacent lights blinking on and off in quick succession?
Phi phenomenon
What part of a sound wave determines its perceived loudness?
The amplitude (height)
What are the five basic taste sensations?
Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami
Your friend tells you that a cloud looks like your math teacher; you look up and agree. Which principle explains why this is so?
Perceptual set
What do we call the specialized neurons in the occipital lobe's visual cortex that respond to particular edges, lines, angles, and movements?
Feature detectors
Which of the following statements is best explained by research on depth perception using the visual cliff?
A. Binocular depth cues develop before monocular depth cues.
B. Monocular depth cues develop before binocular depth cues.
C. Human infants are born with an innate sense of depth.
D. Human infants must learn to perceive depth.
E. Humans do not develop the perception of depth until 24 months of age.
C. Human infants are born with an innate sense of depth.
Prolonged exposure to sound waves above how many decibels can produce hearing loss?
What are the four basic and distinct skin (touch) senses?
Pressure, warmth, cold, and pain
A famous psychic is a YouTube sensation because of his ability to read the minds of people in the audience at his shows. Which type of psychic power would he claim?
Telepathy
Your best friend decides to paint her room an extremely bright electric blue. Which of the following best describes the physical properties of the color's light waves?
A. No wavelength; large amplitude
B. Short wavelength; large amplitude
C. Short wavelength; small amplitude
D. Long wavelength; large amplitude
E. No wavelength; small amplitude
B. Short wavelength; large amplitude
Susan is viewing the board in the classroom. She knows that the board is located far away because the view from her left eye is slightly different than the view from her right eye. Her ability to judge the distance of the board is due to which depth cue?
Retinal disparity
**Remember - the greater the disparity (difference) between the two images (right eye image vs. left eye image), the closer the object.**
Which of the following reflects the notion that pitch is related to the stimulation of different areas of the cochlea's basilar membrane?
A. Place theory
B. Frequency theory
C. Volley principle
D. Sound localization
E. Stereophonic hearing
A. Place theory
Where are the kinesthetic receptors located?
*There are three locations
Muscles, tendons, and joints